{"id":6441,"date":"2020-03-15T01:43:11","date_gmt":"2020-03-14T22:43:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lekolin.org\/arap-milliyetciliginde-pan-arabizm\/"},"modified":"2020-03-15T01:43:11","modified_gmt":"2020-03-14T22:43:11","slug":"arap-milliyetciliginde-pan-arabizm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/arap-milliyetciliginde-pan-arabizm\/","title":{"rendered":"ARAP M\u0130LL\u0130YET\u00c7\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130NDE PAN ARAB\u0130ZM"},"content":{"rendered":"

09 Nisan 2016 Cumartesi Saat 05:21<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n\u0130ngiltere ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere Bat\u0131l\u0131 devletlerin bilin\u00e7li olarak Arap toplumu i\u00e7inde yaymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 miliyet\u00e7ilik ideolojisiyle beraber, 19. yy da Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funu saran milliyet\u00e7ilik hareketleri de Araplar\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131 ve di\u011fer Arap gen\u00e7lerinin Avrupa\u2019da e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmeleri ve burada ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelerden etkilenmeleri, Arap toplumu \u00fczerinde de etkilerini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir<\/b><\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n

M\u0130LL\u0130YET\u00c7\u0130L\u0130K HALKLARI B\u0130RB\u0130R\u0130NE D\u00dc\u015eMAN ETMEN\u0130N,
\nKIRDIRMANIN \u0130DEOLOJ\u0130S\u0130D\u0130R<\/strong><\/p>\n

ARAP M\u0130LL\u0130YET\u00c7\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 –<\/strong>2-<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere Bat\u0131l\u0131 devletlerin bilin\u00e7li
\nolarak Arap toplumu i\u00e7inde yaymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 miliyet\u00e7ilik ideolojisiyle
\nberaber, 19. yy da Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funu saran milliyet\u00e7ilik hareketleri de
\nAraplar\u0131 \u00a0<\/span>etkilemi\u015ftir. M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131 ve di\u011fer Arap
\ngen\u00e7lerinin Avrupa\u2019da e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmeleri ve burada ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelerden
\netkilenmeleri, Arap toplumu \u00fczerinde de etkilerini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Yine 1882
\ny\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n merkezi olan M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etmesiyle,
\nM\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n do\u011frudan Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n etkisine girmesi de Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin
\ngeli\u015fmesini h\u0131zland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pan Arabizm, Arap halklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda birlik ve beraberli\u011fi
\ngeli\u015ftirme amac\u0131na sahiptir. Bu temelde Arap dili, tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc esas
\nalarak bu y\u00f6nl\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fcterek geli\u015ftirmeyi esas alan, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve milli
\nde\u011ferleri \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan bir anlay\u0131\u015fa sahiptir. Dini temel ve ama\u00e7lara sahip olmayan
\nk\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir milliyet\u00e7iliktir. Sek\u00fcler bir harekettir. Olu\u015fturulmas\u0131nda ve
\ngeli\u015ftirilmesinde rol oynayan \u00fcnl\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman
\nde\u011fildir. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun b\u00fcnyesindeki b\u00fct\u00fcn
\nAraplar\u0131 kapsam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funda geli\u015fen milliyet\u00e7ilik
\nhareketlerinin etkisinde giderek geli\u015fen Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi Suriye\u2019de \u015eam\u2019da,
\nL\u00fcbnan\u2019da Beyrut\u2019ta, yine Kud\u00fcs gibi \u015fehirlerde daha fazla a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nArabistan\u2019da ise \u00f6ncelikle bir inan\u00e7 olarak geli\u015fen daha sonra siyasal bir
\nniteli\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcnen Vahhabi Hareketi geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu hareket \u0130ngilizler taraf\u0131ndan
\nda desteklenmi\u015ftir. M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da ise Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n \u0130slam aleyhine ilerleyi\u015fine ve
\n\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019daki uygulamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015fen bir \u0130slam modernizmi ve
\nM\u0131s\u0131r milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

19. yy da, Araplar da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 dillendiren
\nMekke Ha\u015fimilerinden \u015eerif H\u00fcseyin \u0130bn Ali\u2019dir. Bu y\u00f6nl\u00fc aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 olan \u015eerif
\nH\u00fcseyin \u0130ngiltere\u2019yle ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7ine girer. O d\u00f6nem ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u0130ngiltere
\nbuna \u00e7ok s\u0131cak bakmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak, \u0130kinci Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019in giderek Almanya\u2019ya yak\u0131nla\u015fan
\npolitikalar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Birinci D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 kullanabilmek
\ni\u00e7in \u015eerif H\u00fcseyin\u2019in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 desteklemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n

Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yakla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n
\nAlmanya\u2019ya yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa Araplar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k
\naray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 destekleme politikas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ama\u00e7 Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Almanya
\nyan\u0131nda sava\u015fa girmesi durumunda Osmanl\u0131y\u0131 zor durumda b\u0131rakacak Arap
\nisyanlar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 <\/span>geli\u015fmesini istemesidir.
\nYine 19. ve 20. yy da geli\u015fen K\u00fcrt isyanlar\u0131nda da \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc
\npolitikalar\u0131n \u00f6nemli etkisi olmu\u015ftur. Kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 Ortado\u011fu\u2019da
\npratikle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc\u00a0 <\/span>yol ve
\ny\u00f6ntemi kullanmaktan \u00e7ekinmemi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u0130ngiliz oyunlar\u0131 bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lere
\ndamgas\u0131n\u0131 vurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, 19. yy\u2019 \u0131n sonunda Balkanlar ve Kuzey
\nAfrika\u2019daki topraklar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f durumdayd\u0131. Yine,
\n\u00f6zellikle K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde K\u00fcrt isyanlar\u0131 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Geli\u015fen
\nmilliyet\u00e7ilik ak\u0131mlar\u0131ndan K\u00fcrtler\u2019de etkilenmi\u015flerdi. Osmanl\u0131 t\u00fcm bu sorunlar
\ni\u00e7erisinde giderek zay\u0131flarken \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc Almanya\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131nda Birinci D\u00fcnya
\nSava\u015f\u0131na girmekte g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu bi\u00e7imiyle kaybetti\u011fi topraklar\u0131 kazanarak, eski
\ng\u00fcc\u00fcne yeniden kavu\u015fabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bunda \u0130ttahat ve Terakki
\n\u00fczerindeki Yahudi etkisinin rol\u00fc de \u00f6nemlidir. Yahudiler, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te Avrupa\u2019da
\nda Almanya\u2019y\u0131\u00a0 <\/span>destekliyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan kazanan taraf olarak \u00e7\u0131kan
\n\u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi \u0130tilaf devletleri, Ortado\u011fu\u2019yu payla\u015fma
\nkonusunda daha sava\u015f bitmeden \u00f6nce Sykes-Picot antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 imzalam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u0130ngiltere,
\nIrak\u2019taki petrol rezervlerinin fark\u0131na var\u0131nca Irak \u00fczerinde egemen olmaya
\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda, Irak \u00fczerinde ya\u015fanan sorunlarla beraber Fransa,
\nIrak\u2019\u0131 \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye b\u0131rakmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ortado\u011fu\u2019nun, d\u00fcnya
\npetrollerinin \u00fc\u00e7te ikisine yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretmesi Bat\u0131l\u0131 devletler taraf\u0131ndan
\nvazge\u00e7ilmez olmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ngiltere, sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi ve sava\u015f boyunca
\nAraplar\u0131n Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan ayr\u0131l\u0131p ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hale gelmelerini desteklemi\u015f, bu y\u00f6nl\u00fc
\nAraplarla yo\u011fun ili\u015fkiler geli\u015ftirerek, \u00a0<\/span>Araplar\u0131
\nOsmanl\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Araplar\u0131n bekledi\u011fi olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nSava\u015f \u00f6ncesinde Araplar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc deste\u011fi sunan
\n\u0130ngiltere ve Fransa, sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda Ortado\u011fu\u2019da kendi hakimiyetini kurmaya
\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na g\u00f6re cetvelle \u00e7izilen Arap devletleri kurmu\u015flard\u0131r.
\nKurduklar\u0131 devletlerde iktidar\u0131, az\u0131nl\u0131kta olan kesimlerden olu\u015fturmu\u015flar.
\nSuriye\u2019de halk\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu S\u00fcnni olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen iktidar\u0131, \u015eia\u2019n\u0131n Nusayri
\nkesimlerine teslim etmi\u015flerdir. Irak\u2019ta \u015eia \u00e7o\u011funlukta olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen iktidar\u0131
\nS\u00fcnnilere vermi\u015flerdir. Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki petrol kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n zenginli\u011fini g\u00f6ren
\n\u0130ngiltere ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere Fransa, \u00a0<\/span>Arap
\ndevletlerini kendine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 uydu \u00fclkeler haline getirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.
\nOrtado\u011fu\u2019yu b\u00f6l\u00fcp par\u00e7alayarak, \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p y\u00f6netmi\u015flerdir. Bu payla\u015f\u0131mdan
\nK\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen ise d\u00f6rt par\u00e7aya ayr\u0131lmak olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Ortado\u011fu\u2019da izledi\u011fi yay\u0131lmac\u0131
\npolitikalar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Ortado\u011fu halklar\u0131n\u0131n da tepkileri geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Irak, Suriye,
\nL\u00fcbnan ve Filistin\u2019de ba\u015flayan ayaklanmalar \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok
\nkanl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir devletti ve
\n\u0130mparatorlu\u011fu b\u00fcnyesindeki yerlerde valilik y\u00f6netimini kurarak, halk\u0131n
\ntepkisine yol a\u00e7mayan ki\u015filerle y\u00f6netmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa ise
\nkurmu\u015f olduklar\u0131 krall\u0131k y\u00f6netimleriyle bu \u00fclkeleri her y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kendine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131
\nhale getirirken, hem kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini geli\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar hem de
\nekonomik olarak s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Irak gibi yerlerde kendi atad\u0131klar\u0131 krallar\u0131n
\nba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 geli\u015fince bunlar\u0131 komplolarla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar ya da de\u011fi\u015fik
\nyollardan etkisiz hale getiriyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Ortado\u011fu\u2019da geli\u015ftirdikleri mandac\u0131l\u0131k
\npolitikalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi daha fazla g\u00fc\u00e7lenmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nBunun sonucunda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 bu sefer \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131
\ngeli\u015fmi\u015ftir. 1943\u2019te L\u00fcbnan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazan\u0131rken, 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise Suriye
\nba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1948 y\u0131l\u0131nda M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da yap\u0131lan darbeyle Kral tahtan
\nindirilerek \u00fclkeden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u00fcr Subaylar \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde geli\u015fen
\ndarbede, daha sonra M\u0131s\u0131r ve Arap tarihinde etkisi fazla olacak olan Cemal
\nAbd\u00fcl Nas\u0131r\u2019da yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nas\u0131r, 1958\u2019de iktidara gelmi\u015ftir. Irak\u2019ta ise 1958
\ny\u0131l\u0131nda Ebdulkerim Qas\u0131m \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u00d6zg\u00fcr Subaylar\u2019\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 darbeyle krall\u0131k
\nrejimine son verilmi\u015ftir. Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fini \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmayan Qas\u0131m ilk defa
\nIrak\u2019ta ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn kesimleri g\u00f6zeten bir Anayasa yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu Anayasayla
\nK\u00fcrtlerde, Araplarla birlikte Irak\u2019\u0131 olu\u015fturan bir halk olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu
\ny\u0131llar, Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin Ortado\u011fu\u2019da geli\u015fti\u011fi y\u0131llar olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Bir sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde , \u2018Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finde Nas\u0131rizm ve
\nBaas\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k\u2019\u2026<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

D\u00fczg\u00fcn Kaya<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrdistan Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi<\/strong><\/p>\n

www.lekolin.com – www.lekolin.org – www.lekolin.net \u2013
\nwww.lekolin.info – www.navendalekolin.com<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130ngiltere ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere Bat\u0131l\u0131 devletlerin bilin\u00e7li olarak Arap toplumu i\u00e7inde yaymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 miliyet\u00e7ilik ideolojisiyle beraber, 19. yy da Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funu saran milliyet\u00e7ilik hareketleri de Araplar\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131 ve di\u011fer Arap gen\u00e7lerinin Avrupa\u2019da e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmeleri ve burada ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelerden etkilenmeleri, Arap toplumu \u00fczerinde de etkilerini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6442,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[1222,1219,32,31,36,33,30,1220,1221,35,34],"class_list":["post-6441","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arastirmalar","tag-arabizm","tag-arap","tag-arastirma","tag-kurdi","tag-kurdish","tag-kurdistan","tag-lekolin","tag-milliyetciliginde","tag-pan","tag-turkish","tag-turkiye"],"acf":[],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6441","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6441"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6441\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6442"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}