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\t\t\t\t\t\tAurora Mardiganyan 1915 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda hen\u00fcz 14 ya\u015f\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131zd\u0131. \u00d6nce ailesinin g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde katledilmesine \u015fahitlik etti. Ard\u0131ndan k\u00f6le pazar\u0131nda bir a\u011faya sat\u0131ld\u0131. Buradan ka\u00e7an gen\u00e7 k\u0131z\u0131n o d\u00f6nem Ermeniler i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli say\u0131lan Rus hatlar\u0131na ge\u00e7mesi neredeyse bir senesini ald\u0131. ABD\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc konusunda bir film \u00e7eken Mardiganyan, Dersimli K\u00fcrtler sayesinde hayatta kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm hayat\u0131 boyunca s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
D\u00f6nemin Mameret-\u00fcl Aziz vilayetine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00c7emi\u015fgezek il\u00e7esinde do\u011fan Mardiganyan zengin bir ailenin k\u0131z\u0131yd\u0131. \u00d6nce ailesini \u00f6l\u00fcm y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda kaybetti. Sonra da bir a\u011faya k\u00f6le olarak sat\u0131ld\u0131. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Mardiganyan i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir umut g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyordu. Ta ki ihtiyar bir Ermeni \u00e7oban bir gece yar\u0131s\u0131 ona seslenene kadar.<\/p>\n
1916 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonbahar aylar\u0131yd\u0131. Kilit alt\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 evin bodrumundaki d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya kulak veren Mardiganyan \u00c7emi\u015fgezek\u2019ten tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ses duydu. Ermeni \u00e7obanlar\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u0131sl\u0131kt\u0131 bu. Hemen ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde cevap verdi. Ertesi gece ayn\u0131 sesi yine duydu. Bu kez daha yak\u0131ndan geliyordu yine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verdi. Ama bir daha o sesi duymad\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc gece ise ihtiyar Vartaped belirdi pencerede. \u201cK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm bekle seni buradan alaca\u011f\u0131m diyerek inan\u0131lmaz bir ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f hik\u00e2yesini ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Penceredeki demir parmakl\u0131klar olduk\u00e7a eskiydi. \u0130htiyar \u00e7oban elindeki demir \u00e7ubukla parmakl\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00fckt\u00fc ve i\u00e7eri uzanarak Mardiganyan\u2019\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7ekti. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131za bir patika g\u00f6sterdi. Patika \u00fczerindeki ilk yerle\u015fim Vartaped\u2019in iyi tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir K\u00fcrt ailesine aitti. Mardiganyan\u2019\u0131n ifadelerine g\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u00fcrtler g\u00f6\u00e7ebeydi ve Vartaped\u2019in yak\u0131n dostlar\u0131yd\u0131. Mardiganyan bir s\u00fcre onlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda sakland\u0131.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6t\u00fc haberler Mardiganyan\u2019a \u00e7abuk ula\u015ft\u0131. Ahmed A\u011fa, Vartaped\u2019i d\u00f6ve d\u00f6ve \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Zaptiyeler de her tarafta onu ar\u0131yorlard\u0131. Mardiganyan yan\u0131na su doldurabilece\u011fi bir kap ile \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00f6rtebilece\u011fi bir \u00f6rt\u00fc alarak y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc Ermeniler aras\u0131nda tek kurtulu\u015f yolu olarak ad\u0131 zikredilen bir co\u011frafyaya do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Mardiganyan daha sonra kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131nda Dersim\u2019i \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yordu: \u201cO da\u011flar\u0131n arkas\u0131nda muhte\u015fem Dersim vard\u0131. Her taraf\u0131 ye\u015fil yaylalar, sarp da\u011flar ve tepelerin oldu\u011fu yer. Oraya giden yolda kimse ya\u015famazd\u0131. Ama Dersim K\u00fcrtleri ya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00f6ylerde ya da g\u00f6\u00e7ebe olarak ya\u015farlard\u0131. Dersim her iki y\u00f6nde T\u00fcrklerle kom\u015fuydu. Bir zamanlar o \u015fehirlerde de Ermeniler ya\u015fard\u0131 T\u00fcrklerin yan\u0131nda. Ama \u015fimdi Ermeniler gitmi\u015f sadece T\u00fcrkler kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 .<\/p>\n
Mardiganyan kendisinin hayatta kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u015feyin Dersim K\u00fcrtlerinin i\u00e7indeki \u00f6ld\u00fcrme iste\u011finin g\u00fcneydeki a\u015firetlere g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha az olmas\u0131 olarak ifade ediyordu.<\/p>\n
16 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Mardiganyan Dersim\u2019de tam bir sene bazen gizlenerek, bazen k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin yan\u0131nda kalarak ama hep \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak yada y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek ya\u015fad\u0131. K\u00f6yl\u00fcler onu yanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yemek veriyorlard\u0131. Mardiganyan bitap d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce de ona yol g\u00f6steriliyordu.<\/p>\n
Mardiganyan\u2019\u0131n Dersim K\u00fcrtleriyle ilk kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 hi\u00e7 sevimli olmad\u0131. Ho\u015f Dersimle ilgili sevimli olan tek hat\u0131ras\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmemesiydi asl\u0131nda. Gen\u00e7 k\u0131z\u0131 bulan bir grup g\u00f6\u00e7ebe onu bir ma\u011faraya kapatt\u0131. Ertesi g\u00fcn a\u011fa dedikleri bir ki\u015fi gelip Mardiganyan\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve onu aralar\u0131na ald\u0131 ve yanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Burada ancak birka\u00e7 hafta dayanabildi. Yeniden yollara d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Mardiganyan Erzurum taraflar\u0131nda Ruslar\u0131n oldu\u011funu biliyordu. T\u00fcm amac\u0131 oraya gitmekti.<\/p>\n
Karasu nehrine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda gizlendi\u011fi yerden kalabal\u0131k T\u00fcrk konvoylar\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Do\u011fudan gelen konvoylar ellerine alabildikleri her \u015feyle Bat\u0131ya do\u011fru ka\u00e7an insanlardan olu\u015fuyordu. Ertesi sabah konvoylar\u0131n seslerine uyand\u0131. Bu kez \u00e7ok daha kalabal\u0131k ve \u00e7ok daha aceleciydiler. Mardiganyan bunu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Ruslar\u0131n yak\u0131nda oldu\u011funu anlatt\u0131. Ve insanlar\u0131n geldikleri tarafa do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Erzurum\u2019a ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Ruslarla Osmanl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leri aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Mardiganyan bir binan\u0131n \u00fczerinde dikili -daha \u00f6nceden Harput\u2019ta Amerikan konsoloslu\u011funda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc- bayra\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131. Ve ko\u015farak oraya s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131. Onu ilk g\u00f6ren Amerika\u2019n\u0131n Tiflis konsolosu Dr McCallum oldu. McCallum\u2019un yan\u0131nda \u00e7evredeki k\u00f6ylere k\u00f6le olarak sat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra gidip sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ermeni yetim k\u0131zlar vard\u0131. Mardiganyan bu k\u0131zlarla beraber \u00f6nce Tiflis\u2019e, ard\u0131ndan Oslo\u2019ya oradan da ABD\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n
New York\u2019ta gen\u00e7 bir senarist olan Harvey Gates, Aurora Mardiganyan\u2019la kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan gen\u00e7 k\u0131z\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok etkilendi. 1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cAurora Mardiganyan: B\u00fcy\u00fck Katliamlar\u0131n Aras\u0131nda Ya\u015fayan H\u0131ristiyan K\u0131z\u0131 adl\u0131 kitaba basan Gates, hik\u00e2yenin 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda da beyaz perdeye aktar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin ba\u015fkenti Londra\u2019da \u201cRuhlar\u0131n M\u00fczayedesi ad\u0131yla g\u00f6sterime giren film New York\u2019ta ise \u201cGasp Edilen Ermenistan ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda seyircilerle bulu\u015ftu. Bu film d\u00fcnyada beyaz perde kullan\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ilk kamuoyu faaliyetiydi. Mardiganyan Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n Jeanne d’Arc\u2019\u0131 olarak tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131 ve Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sembol isimlerinden biri oldu.<\/p>\n
1920lerde evlenen Mardiganyan 6 \u015eubat 1994\u2019te son nefesini verene kadar sakin bir m\u00fctevaz\u0131 bir hayat ya\u015fad\u0131. \u00c7emi\u015fgezek\u2019te ba\u015flay\u0131p Los Angeles\u2019ta sona eren ya\u015fam\u0131 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n nadir mucize hik\u00e2yelerinden biri olarak haf\u0131zalarda kald\u0131. \u2013ANF\/ Serdar Ero\u011flu <\/p>\n
K\u00fcrdistan Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi<\/p>\n
www.navendalekolin.com – www.lekolin.org – www.lekolin.net \u2013 www.lekolin.info\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n
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