{"id":16369,"date":"2026-06-11T14:25:42","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T12:25:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/?p=16369"},"modified":"2026-06-11T14:25:42","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T12:25:42","slug":"manifestoya-civaka-komunal-a-demokratik-besa-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/manifestoya-civaka-komunal-a-demokratik-besa-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Man\u00eefestoya Civaka Komunal a Demokrat\u00eek -BE\u015eA 1"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u00ca\u015eGOTIN<\/strong><\/p>\n

Civak away\u00ea heb\u00fbn \u00fb jiyana curey\u00ea mirovan e. Ew ne li ser bingeha m\u00eeqdarek diyarkir\u00ee ye, l\u00ea ji t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftinek hevpar, nirx\u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb h\u00eaza afir\u00eener p\u00eak t\u00ea ku p\u00eadiviy\u00ean jiyan\u00ea p\u00eak t\u00eene. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, ew hem exlaq\u00ee (sinc\u00ee) \u00fb hem j\u00ee siyas\u00ee ye. Civak\u00eeb\u00fbn li \u00c7iyay\u00ea Afr\u00eekay\u00ea dest p\u00ea kir \u00fb di kevana Toros-Zagros de b\u00fb rastiyek.<\/p>\n

Curey\u00ea mirovan di xwezaya f\u00eez\u00eek\u00ee de heb\u00fbna her\u00ee nazik \u00fb qels e. Di heman dem\u00ea de, ew ten\u00ea heb\u00fbna ku dikare hem f\u00eez\u00eek\u00ee \u00fb hem j\u00ee metafiz\u00eek\u00ee be ye. Ji ber van taybetmendiyan, ew mecb\u00fbr e ku wek\u00ee civakek bij\u00ee. Bi kurtas\u00ee, ew dikare wek\u00ee heb\u00fbna eko-civak\u00ee ya xwezay\u00ea were p\u00eanasekirin.<\/p>\n

B\u00ea guman, \u015faneya bingeh\u00een a civak\u00ea klan e. Klan civakek Dayiksalar e \u00fb ‘kom’ek e ku li ser bingeha t\u00eakiliy\u00ean xw\u00een\u00ea y\u00ean n\u00eaz\u00eek \u00ean wek\u00ee ap, met, xal, xalt\u00ee \u00fb zarokan ava b\u00fbye. E\u015fkere ye ku ew civaka dayiksalar e ku pi\u015ft\u00ee t\u00eako\u015f\u00eenek dir\u00eaj mirovan ji meym\u00fbnan veqetand. Heyamek pir dir\u00eaj, bi qas\u00ee ji sed\u00ee 98, ji jiyana civak\u00ee ya d\u00eerok\u00ee di jiyana klan de derbas b\u00fb. Kom\u00fbn away\u00ea heb\u00fbna civak\u00ea ye, t\u00eagehek ku ziman \u00fb \u00e7anda civaka dayiksalar \u00eefade dike. Gotina “civak komunal e” ji bo danas\u00eena tevah\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea, ango yek\u00eetiya diyalekt\u00eek t\u00ea bikaran\u00een. Hem\u00fb p\u00eakhatey\u00ean e\u015f\u00eer\u00ee \u00fb qeb\u00eeley\u00ee y\u00ean ku ji qeb\u00eeleyan derdikevin, kom\u00ean mezin \u00ean \u00eedeoloj\u00eek \u00ean ne-xizmet\u00ee y\u00ean Serdema Mihwer\u00ea (Zerde\u015ft\u00eetiya ol\u00ee-f\u00eelozof\u00eek li \u00c7iyay\u00ean Zagros\u00ea, felsefe li \u00ceyonyay\u00ea gih\u00ee\u015ftiye, Bud\u00eezm li Hindistan\u00ea, Tao\u00eezm \u00fb Konfu\u00e7yus\u00eezm li \u00c7\u00een\u00ea, ol\u00ean yekxweday\u00ee), dabe\u015fb\u00fbn\u00ean ol\u00ee y\u00ean Serdema Nav\u00een (ter\u00eem\u00ean S\u00fbf\u00ee di \u00ceslam\u00ea de, rah\u00eebt\u00ee di Xiristiyaniy\u00ea de), \u00fb tevger\u00ean utop\u00eek \u00ean Serdema Modern dikarin di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya komunal\u00eetey\u00ea de werin nirxandin. Di civaka qeb\u00eeley\u00ee ya dayiksalar de, pirsgir\u00eak bi avakirina kl\u00fbba n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan\u00ea m\u00ear dest p\u00ea dike. Civaka qeb\u00eeley\u00ee di nav kl\u00fbba n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan\u00ea m\u00ear \u00fb jiyana komunal a dayiksalar de dabe\u015f dibe. Di qonaxa her\u00ee bilind a barbariy\u00ea de, kl\u00fbba n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan\u00ea m\u00ear li dij\u00ee jiyana komunal a dayiksalar tevdigere. Ev \u00ear\u00ee\u015f destp\u00eaka pirsgir\u00eaka civak\u00ee ye ku heya roja \u00eero j\u00ee berdewam dike. Kl\u00fbba n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan\u00ea m\u00ear ku vediguhere kujer\u00ea civak\u00ee y\u00ea m\u00eena kast\u00ea, v\u00ea \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ea didom\u00eene \u00fb mezin dike. \u015eikestina di navbera civaka dayiksalar\u00ee \u00fb pergala kujer a li ser bingeha kast\u00ea de ji bo \u015faristaniy\u00ea bingeh\u00een e. Ji ber yek\u00eet\u00ee \u00fb t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena diyalekt\u00eek, her ku pergala kujer a li ser bingeha kast\u00ea \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean xwe di her war\u00ee de z\u00eade dike, civaka komunal a dayiksalar\u00ee li ber xwe dide. T\u00eako\u015f\u00eena her\u00ee dijwar li ser v\u00ea bingeh\u00ea di serdema neol\u00eet\u00eek\u00ea de \u00e7\u00eadibe. Dema ku pergala kujer a li ser bingeha kast\u00ea dixwaze li ser her ti\u015ft\u00ee serdest be, civaka dayiksalar\u00ee ji bo parastina nirx\u00ean ku afirand\u00ee li ber xwe dide. Di dawiy\u00ea de, pergala xwedawenda dayik winda dike, l\u00ea pergala kujer a civak\u00ee ya li ser bingeha kast\u00ea pergalek desthilatdar\u00ee \u00fb dewlet\u00ea diafir\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Ev qela\u015ftok ku li dora 15,000 Beriya Zay\u00een\u00ea (BZ) dest p\u00ea kir, li dora 3000 BZ bi veguher\u00eena kujer\u00ea kast\u00ea bo desthilatdar\u00ee \u00fb dewlet\u00ea gih\u00ee\u015ft qonaxek n\u00fb. Avab\u00fbna dewlet\u00ea li Sumer\u00ea li ser bingeha bajarvan\u00ee \u00fb tebeqekirina \u00e7\u00een\u00ee p\u00eak hat. Tebeqekirina \u00e7\u00een\u00ee ya ar\u00eestokrat\u00eek p\u00ea\u015fengiya v\u00ea p\u00eavajoy\u00ea kir \u00fb b\u00fb kujer\u00ea kast\u00ea y\u00ea serdema n\u00fb. Bi hem\u00fb h\u00eaza xwe hewl da ku civaka komunal qels bike \u00fb w\u00ea bi zor \u00fb \u00eestismara h\u00een mezintir re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb bih\u00eale. Ji bo ku di v\u00ea yek\u00ea de biserkeve, w\u00ea p\u00eaw\u00eest d\u00eet ku serdestiya m\u00earan li ser jinan bi berdewam\u00ee k\u00fbrtir bike. Tebeqeya civak\u00ee \u00ead\u00ee di navbera komunal \u00fb dewlet\u00ea de b\u00fbye dubend\u00ee, nakok\u00ee \u00fb pev\u00e7\u00fbn.<\/p>\n

Li dij\u00ee \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean k\u00fbrtir \u00fb berfireh \u00ean kujer\u00ea kast\u00ea y\u00ea n\u00fb, y\u00ea yekdestdar ku wek\u00ee desthilatdar\u00ee \u00fb dewlet\u00ea hatiye organ\u00eezekirin, nirx\u00ean civak\u00ee y\u00ean komunal di her war\u00ee de berxwedanek pir cid\u00ee n\u00ee\u015fan dan. Her \u00e7end v\u00ea berxwedan\u00ea di Serdema Mihwer\u00ea de ji \u00c7iyay\u00ean Zagros bigire heya \u00c7\u00een\u00ea, ji Hindistan\u00ea bigire heya Yewnan\u00eestan\u00ea li her dever\u00ea di astek gir\u00eeng de \u00fb hin serkeftin bi dest xist j\u00ee, di dawiy\u00ea de ew nikar\u00eeb\u00fb li hember \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean z\u00eade ji t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea xilas bibe. Civaka kom\u00eenal, wek\u00ee ku ji aliy\u00ea dewleta jor \u00fb malbata j\u00ear ve hatib\u00fb girtin. Ev kom bi berdewam\u00ee kom\u00een\u00ea di nav xwe de hildiwe\u015f\u00eenin.<\/p>\n

Wek\u00ee ku t\u00ea zan\u00een, rej\u00eema daw\u00ee ya ku\u015ftina kastan, desthilatdar\u00ee \u00fb dewleta daw\u00ee, s\u00eestema modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest e. Ev avah\u00ee ku kl\u00fbba n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan\u00ea m\u00earan wek\u00ee s\u00eestemeke ku\u015ftina kastan ava kir \u00fb ar\u00eestokrasiy\u00ea ew veguherand s\u00eestemeke desthilatdar\u00ee \u00fb dewlet\u00ea, di her war\u00ee de ji aliy\u00ea burjuvaziy\u00ea ve hatiye monopol\u00eezekirin \u00fb ev yek karakter \u00fb astek hegemon\u00eek a gerd\u00fbn\u00ee daye w\u00ea. B\u00ea guman, b\u00eay\u00ee zor\u00ea bi gi\u015ft\u00ee \u00fb bi taybet\u00ee j\u00ee b\u00eay\u00ee zor\u00ea ya dewleta netewey\u00ee, qet ne mimkun b\u00fb ku rej\u00eemeke ku\u015ftina kastan wek\u00ee kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea ku dikare dawiya mirovahiy\u00ea b\u00eene, wek\u00ee ewqas derbasdar, rewa \u00fb hema hema yekane \u015fert\u00ea mirov\u00ee were qeb\u00fblkirin.<\/p>\n

B\u00ea guman, s\u00eestema modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest a p\u00eancsed sal\u00ean daw\u00ee j\u00ee di hundur\u00ea xwe de qonaxan derbas kiriye. Kap\u00eetal\u00eezma serdema jidayikb\u00fbn \u00fb p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna xwe di her war\u00ee de xwed\u00ee heman taybetmendiyan n\u00eene. Pi\u015ft\u00ee hilwe\u015f\u00eena sosyal\u00eezma reel, di 35 sal\u00ean daw\u00ee de \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea S\u00eayem\u00een p\u00ea\u015fxistiye, hema hema tevahiya c\u00eehan\u00ea tehd\u00eet kiriye. T\u00eako\u015f\u00eena dijwar a li ser \u00e7avkan\u00ee \u00fb r\u00eay\u00ean enerjiy\u00ea, p\u00ea\u015fbaz\u00ee \u00fb \u015fer\u00ean di navbera dewlet \u00fb kom\u00ean yekdestdar \u00ean cuda de, gef \u00fb metirsiy\u00ea pir gir\u00eengtir dike. P\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean bilez \u00ean zanist\u00ee \u00fb teknoloj\u00eek di v\u00ee war\u00ee de mezinb\u00fbna v\u00ea metirsiy\u00ea h\u00een b\u00eatir z\u00eade dikin.<\/p>\n

Niha, \u00eestismara qazanca her\u00ee z\u00eade \u00fb nirxa z\u00eade ji bo berjewendiy\u00ean \u00e7end yekdestan b\u00ea s\u00eenor \u00fb b\u00eakontrol b\u00fbye. \u00car\u00ee\u015fa p\u00ee\u015fesaz\u00eekirin\u00ea li ser \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean xwezay\u00ee ji \u00eestismara sade w\u00eadetir \u00e7\u00fbye, gih\u00ee\u015ftiye astek ku hema hema bi tevah\u00ee van \u00e7avkaniyan tune dike. \u00car\u00ee\u015fa dewleta netewe li ser civak\u00ea di hewldan\u00ean xwe y\u00ean ji bo netewey\u00eekirina takekesan \u00fb berfirehkirina bandora dewlet\u00ea li ser tevahiya civak\u00ea de b\u00eahempa ye. Pergala modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest xuya dike ku bi s\u00ea siwar\u00ean xwe y\u00ean mah\u015fer\u00ea dawiya civak \u00fb xwezay\u00ea amade dike.<\/p>\n

Kr\u00eeza di nav v\u00ea pergal\u00ea de \u00eero gi\u015ft\u00ee \u00fb berdewam e; \u00ead\u00ee ne mimk\u00fbn e ku meriv behsa kr\u00eezek li her\u00eamek an deverek din, an j\u00ee di astek taybet\u00ee de bike. \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea S\u00eayem\u00een \u00ea berdewam del\u00eela her\u00ee zelal a v\u00ea yek\u00ea ye. Div\u00ea were zan\u00een ku \u015fer\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ea \u00ead\u00ee bi \u00e7end salan ve s\u00eenordar n\u00eenin; \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea S\u00eayem\u00een 35 sal in berdewam dike \u00fb dawiya w\u00ee h\u00een j\u00ee nep\u00ea\u015fb\u00een\u00eekir\u00ee ye. Wek\u00ee din, ligel aliy\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean abor\u00ee, siyas\u00ee \u00fb le\u015fker\u00ee, aliy\u00ea \u00eedeoloj\u00eek \u00ea v\u00ee \u015fer\u00ee domdar \u00fb t\u00fbj b\u00fbye. Rej\u00eema kujer a li ser bingeha kast\u00ea niha di\u015fibihe pergaleke r\u00eaveberiya kr\u00eez\u00ea ya may\u00eende \u00fb li ser v\u00ea bingeh\u00ea, ew hewl dide ku heb\u00fbna xwe bi p\u00ea\u015fxistin \u00fb k\u00fbrkirina \u015fer\u00ea xwe y\u00ea taybet di her war\u00ee de bidom\u00eene.<\/p>\n

P\u00eaw\u00eeste ku rej\u00eema kujer a li ser bingeha kast\u00ea ya \u00eeroy\u00een bi pergal\u00ean zordar \u00fb \u00eestismarkar \u00ean ber\u00ea re ney\u00ean tevlihevkirin. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, dabe\u015fb\u00fbn \u00fb t\u00eako\u015f\u00een\u00ean \u00e7\u00een\u00ee y\u00ean ber\u00ea nikarin bi heman away\u00ee wek\u00ee \u00eero werin nirxandin. Rola diyarker a \u00eestismar \u00fb t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena \u00e7\u00een\u00ee wek\u00ee ber\u00ea \u00ead\u00ee tune ye. Rej\u00eema kujer a li ser bingeha kast\u00ea ya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ne ten\u00ea xweza \u00fb civak\u00ea \u00eestismar dike; ew bi rast\u00ee wan hilwe\u015f\u00eene; ji bil\u00ee l\u00eestina rolek di hilwe\u015fandin \u00fb qelskirina heb\u00fbna civaka komunal de, ew \u00ear\u00ee\u015feke qirkirina civak\u00ee p\u00eak t\u00eene ku armanc dike ku tevahiya heb\u00fbna civaka komunal ji hol\u00ea rake.<\/p>\n

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B\u00ea guman, ev hilwe\u015fandina xweza \u00fb civak\u00ea di qirkirina jinan de bi awayek\u00ee her\u00ee zelal xuya dike. Bi rast\u00ee, zihniyet \u00fb pergala serdestiya m\u00earan di kap\u00eetal\u00eezma hemdem de gih\u00ee\u015ftiye l\u00fbtkeya xwe. Ev serdest\u00ee di her qada jiyan\u00ea de heye \u00fb t\u00ea organ\u00eezekirin, di ser\u00ee de di dewlet \u00fb malbat\u00ea de. \u00cest\u00eesmar \u00fb \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean li dij\u00ee jinan ne ten\u00ea bi hin qad\u00ean jiyan\u00ea ve s\u00eenordar in; berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, jin di her aliy\u00ea jiyan\u00ea de t\u00ean hedefgirtin: ruh, hest, raman \u00fb la\u015f\u00ean wan. Jin hatine veguherandin bo kel\u00fbpel\u00ean her\u00ee erzan \u00fb s\u00fbdmend. La\u015f\u00ea jin\u00ea hatiye veguherandin bo am\u00fbra reklam\u00ea ya her\u00ee bibandor. Ji bo ve\u015fartina v\u00ea rastiy\u00ea, her c\u00fbre derew \u00fb xapandin di bin nav\u00ea “azadiya takekes\u00ee” de t\u00eane p\u00ea\u015fxistin. Ji ber rola wan a p\u00ea\u015feng \u00fb biryardar a ba\u015f-zan\u00een di parastina civaka komunal de, her c\u00fbre zext li dij\u00ee jinan bi tund\u00ee \u00fb berfireh\u00ee t\u00eane sepandin. \u00car\u00ee\u015f\u00ean zayend\u00eeperest, neteweperest, ol\u00ee \u00fb zanist\u00ee y\u00ean l\u00eeberal\u00eezma modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest jinan bi tund\u00ee hedef digirin.<\/p>\n

Bi rast\u00ee, modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest pergalek e ku ji destp\u00eak\u00ea ve kr\u00eezan hildiber\u00eene \u00fb dij\u00ee. Di dawiya sal\u00ean 1800\u2018an \u00fb di sala 1929\u2018an de kr\u00eez\u00ean mezin jiyan kir. \u015eer\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ee hem encama van kr\u00eezan b\u00fbn \u00fb hem j\u00ee hewldan\u00ean ji bo derbaskirina wan b\u00fbn. Her \u00e7end pergal\u00ea hewl da ku van \u00fb kr\u00eez\u00ean \u00e7erx\u00ee y\u00ean mezin an nav\u00een \u00ean bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee di hundur\u00ea xwe de derbas bike j\u00ee, ew ne serkeft\u00ee b\u00fb. Ji sal\u00ean 1970\u2019an \u00fb p\u00ea ve, ew ket nav kr\u00eezek s\u00eestem\u00eek a domdar. Kr\u00eeza s\u00eestem\u00eek kr\u00eezek e ku ji avahiya s\u00eestem\u00ea derdikeve, kr\u00eezek ku ji hilwe\u015f\u00eena st\u00fbn\u00ean felsef\u00ee-entelektuel\u00ee, zanist\u00ee, abor\u00ee \u00fb siyas\u00ee y\u00ean ku modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest li ser wan ava b\u00fbye derdikeve hol\u00ea. Tevgera \u015eore\u015fger a Ciwanan a 1968\u2019an ku t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna ceribandina sosyal\u00eezma real j\u00ee ragihand, hilwe\u015f\u00eena s\u00eestem\u00ea hem di aliy\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean rast \u00fb hem j\u00ee y\u00ean \u00e7ep de e\u015fkere kir.<\/p>\n

Dema ku Yek\u00eetiya Sovyet\u00ea di destp\u00eaka sal\u00ean 1990\u2019\u00ee de hilwe\u015fiya, c\u00eehana Rojava n\u00ear\u00eena “Sosyal\u00eezm winda kir, l\u00eeberal\u00eezm bi ser ket \u00fb d\u00ea her \u00fb her bij\u00ee” belav kir, dir\u00fb\u015fmey\u00ean serketin\u00ea q\u00eer kirin \u00fb teoriy\u00ean “Dawiya D\u00eerok\u00ea” p\u00ea\u015f xistin. L\u00eabel\u00ea, encam\u00ean kr\u00eez\u00ean abor\u00ee y\u00ean ku ber\u00ee dawiya sal\u00ean 1990\u2018\u00ee li dever\u00ean c\u00fbda y\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ea (Asya, hwd.) derketin hol\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan dan ku ev ne wisa ye \u00fb pergala kap\u00eetal\u00eest a l\u00eeberal j\u00ee bi hilwe\u015f\u00een\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb ye. Wek\u00ee din, ev hilwe\u015f\u00eenek potansiyel b\u00fb ku b\u00eay\u00ee gefa sosyal\u00eezm\u00ea p\u00ea\u015f ket. Siyaseta gerd\u00fbniy\u00ea ku wek\u00ee hewldanek ji bo derbaskirina kr\u00eez\u00ea hate p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirin, hewl da ku xwe ji h\u00eala abor\u00ee \u00fb siyas\u00ee ve veger\u00eene, pergala \u00eestismarkirin\u00ea n\u00fb bike \u00fb p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f bike. Ev siyaset ku di sal\u00ean 1980\u2018\u00ee de leztir b\u00fb, di sal\u00ean 1990\u00ee de gih\u00ee\u015ft l\u00fbtkeya xwe, ew j\u00ee ji hilwe\u015f\u00eena Yek\u00eetiya Sovyet\u00ea bandor b\u00fb. Di sal\u00ean 1990\u00ee de b\u00eahejmar pirt\u00fbk \u00fb rojname hatin we\u015fandin ku gerd\u00fbnb\u00fbniy\u00ea pesn\u00ea xwe didan. L\u00eabel\u00ea, kr\u00eez\u00ean abor\u00ee y\u00ean ku di ser\u00ee de li Asyay\u00ea, di \u00eavara hezarsaliy\u00ea de derketin hol\u00ea e\u015fkere kirin ku siyaseta global\u00eezm\u00ea gih\u00ee\u015ftiye s\u00eenor\u00ean xwe \u00fb r\u00ea\u00e7a w\u00ea ber bi karesat\u00ea ve di\u00e7e. Bi rast\u00ee, kr\u00eez pi\u015ft\u00ee w\u00ea j\u00ee nesekin\u00een.<\/p>\n

Global\u00eezm\u00ea m\u00eat\u00eengeriy\u00ea \u00fb feq\u00eerb\u00fbna kap\u00eetal\u00eest k\u00fbrtir kir \u00fb li seranser\u00ea c\u00eehan\u00ea, bi taybet\u00ee li civak\u00ean Asyay\u00ee \u00fb Afr\u00eekay\u00ea, b\u00fb sedema w\u00earan\u00ee \u00fb b\u00eabextiyeke mezin a abor\u00ee. Li Ewropay\u00ea, w\u00ea pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean nisbeten demokrat\u00eek \u00ean ku xizmet\u00ean gi\u015ft\u00ee \u00fb ewlehiya civak\u00ee didan p\u00ea\u015fiy\u00ea, wek\u00ee ‘dewleta xizmetguzariy\u00ea’ \u00fb ‘dewleta civak\u00ee’, bi daw\u00ee kir. Hik\u00fbmet\u00ean dewletan \u00ean netewey\u00ee veguher\u00ee karmend\u00ean m\u00fb\u00e7edar \u00ean \u015f\u00eerket\u00ean gerd\u00fbn\u00ee. Her ku \u015f\u00eerket\u00ean gerd\u00fbn\u00ee desthilatdar\u00ee bi dest xistin, dibe ku hin dewlet\u00ean Rojavay\u00ee j\u00ee xurt b\u00fbn, l\u00ea \u00e7\u00eena karker a li Rojava ji ewlehiya civak\u00ee \u00fb xizmetguzariy\u00ea winda b\u00fb, keda mirovan bi tund\u00ee hate \u00eestismarkirin \u00fb \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean wan \u00ean bin erd\u00ea \u00fb jor bi hovane hatin desteserkirin. Ji ber ku global\u00eezm\u00ea pol\u00eet\u00eekayek ji jor ber bi j\u00ear ve ye, w\u00ea rakirina astengiyan ferz kir. W\u00ea gelek dever\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ea veguherand qad\u00ean \u015fer, b\u00fb sedema b\u00eabextiyeke abor\u00ee \u00fb bi w\u00earankirina xwezay\u00ea r\u00ea li ber w\u00earaniya ekoloj\u00eek vekir. Bi m\u00eelyonan mirov ne\u00e7ar man ku welat \u00fb \u00e7and\u00ean xwe biterik\u00eenin \u00fb rojevek ko\u00e7beriy\u00ea afirandin. C\u00eehana Rojavay\u00ee, m\u00eemar\u00ea global\u00eezm\u00ea, ji van encaman tirsiya. Dema ku tirs \u00fb dijberiya li hember ko\u00e7beran bi windakirina refaha abor\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee re bibin yek, meyl\u00ean \u00eezoleker \u00fb neteweperest li c\u00eehana Rojava p\u00ea\u015f dikevin \u00fb r\u00eaber\u00ean neteweperest-popul\u00eest derdikevin \u00fb di qada siyas\u00ee de pi\u015ftgir\u00ean xwe dib\u00eenin. Ev hem\u00fb t\u00eako\u015f\u00een in ku li \u015f\u00fbna \u00e7areserkirina w\u00ea pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea k\u00fbrtir dikin. Ewropa her\u00eamek e ku \u00ea\u015fa rej\u00eem\u00ean fa\u015f\u00eest jiyaye. Tev\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea, meyla wan a ber bi meyl\u00ean weha ve encama neb\u00fbna \u00e7areseriyan e. Niha, kr\u00eeza modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest her ku di\u00e7e k\u00fbrtir dibe. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean li ser asta c\u00eehan\u00ee, her\u00eam\u00ee \u00fb netewey\u00ee \u00e7areser\u00ee n\u00eenin. \u015eer, pev\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean ku ji sal\u00ean 1990\u2018an vir ve li Rojhilata Nav\u00een her ku di\u00e7e dijwartir dibin encama v\u00ea kr\u00eez\u00ea ne. Heta ku kr\u00eeza s\u00eestem\u00eek ney\u00ea derbaskirin, \u00e7areseriy\u00ean pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ee \u00fb xwecih\u00ee nikarin werin hilberandin. Di rew\u015fa xwe ya hey\u00ee de, xuya ye ku pergal \u015fiyana xwe ya derbaskirina kr\u00eez\u00ea bi tena ser\u00ea xwe xilas kiriye. Ya may\u00ee bi p\u00ea\u015fkeftin\u00ean demokrat\u00eek \u00ean n\u00fb ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye ku d\u00ea v\u00ea kr\u00eeza giran a di pergala modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest de derbas bikin. Ten\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fkeftin\u00ean alternat\u00eef \u00ean weha dikarin mirovahiy\u00ea ji van xeterey\u00ean mezin rizgar bikin. Di destp\u00eaka sedsala 20\u2018an de, sosyal\u00eest\u00ean ku pergala kap\u00eetal\u00eest anal\u00eez kirin ragihandin, “Yan sosyal\u00eezm an barbar\u00eezm!” Wan \u00eedia kir ku kap\u00eetal\u00eezm ji bo p\u00ea\u015feroja mirovahiy\u00ea b\u00fbye gefek ne\u00e7ar. Ev \u00e7avd\u00ear\u00ee di \u00e7ariyeka yekem a w\u00ea sedsal\u00ea de b\u00fb sedema tevgereke sosyal\u00eest a mezin ku bi \u015eore\u015fa Cotmeh\u00ea ya 1917\u2018an li R\u00fbsyay\u00ea gih\u00ee\u015ft l\u00fbtkey\u00ea, her \u00e7end ew negih\u00ee\u015ft asta \u015eore\u015fa Ewrop\u00ee wek\u00ee ku hatib\u00fb p\u00ea\u015fb\u00een\u00eekirin. Ge\u015fedan\u00ean li dever\u00ean wek\u00ee \u00c7\u00een \u00fb Ewropaya Rojhilat di dawiya \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Duyem\u00een de tevgera sosyal\u00eest di war\u00ea siyas\u00ee \u00fb le\u015fker\u00ee de veguherand pergaleke c\u00eehan\u00ee; t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena di navbera Dewlet\u00ean Yekb\u00fby\u00ee ya Amer\u00eeka \u00fb bloka Sovyet\u00ea de ku wek\u00ee \u015eer\u00ea Sar t\u00ea zan\u00een, di dawiy\u00ea de di destp\u00eaka sal\u00ean 1990\u2018\u00ee de b\u00fb sedema hilwe\u015f\u00eena Yek\u00eetiya Sovyet\u00ea, bi giran\u00ee ji ber sedem\u00ean navxwey\u00ee. Li k\u00ealeka t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena sosyal\u00eest a li dij\u00ee kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea ku di sedsala bor\u00ee de bi away\u00ean c\u00fbrbec\u00fbr hate \u015fopandin, tevger\u00ean fem\u00een\u00eest \u00fb ekoloj\u00eek j\u00ee hin ast\u00ean p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan dan. Her \u00e7end van tevgeran ku bi piran\u00ee bi tevgera sosyal\u00eest ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee b\u00fbn, bi hin awayan kap\u00eetal\u00eezm e\u015fkere kirin j\u00ee, wan serkeftina xwest\u00ee an p\u00eaw\u00eest bi dest nexistin. Di bingeh de, wan pi\u015ft\u00ee hilwe\u015f\u00eena sosyal\u00eezma rast\u00een qelsb\u00fbn \u00fb hilwe\u015f\u00eenek gir\u00eeng jiyan. \u015eore\u015fa R\u00fbsyay\u00ea ya Cotmeha 1917an \u00fb avakirina pergala sosyal\u00eest a rast\u00een di nav \u00e7\u00eena karker \u00fb gel\u00ean bindest de li \u00e7araliy\u00ea c\u00eehan\u00ea h\u00eav\u00ee \u00fb baweriyek mezin afirand. Baweriyeke xurt derket hol\u00ea ku s\u00eestema kap\u00eetal\u00eest a zulm \u00fb \u00eestismarkirin\u00ea d\u00ea were t\u00eakbirin. Raman\u00ean r\u00eaber\u00ean m\u00eena Marks, Engels \u00fb Len\u00een li \u00e7araliy\u00ea c\u00eehan\u00ea belav b\u00fbn, gih\u00ee\u015ftin girseyeke mezin a \u015fop\u00eeneran ku ji ol\u00ean hey\u00ee j\u00ee derbastir b\u00fb. L\u00eabel\u00ea, berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, hilwe\u015f\u00eena sosyal\u00eezma rast\u00een di destp\u00eaka sal\u00ean 1990\u00ee de li \u00e7araliy\u00ea c\u00eehan\u00ea asteke wekhev a pes\u00eem\u00eezm, b\u00eah\u00eav\u00eet\u00ee \u00fb rev\u00een\u00ea an\u00ee. Her \u00e7end ev rew\u015f di hundur\u00ea xwe de nakokiy\u00ean cid\u00ee dihew\u00eene j\u00ee, ew hilwe\u015f\u00eena kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea j\u00ee n\u00ee\u015fan dide. Ev l\u00eeste h\u00eaviyeke gir\u00eeng daye s\u00eestema n\u00fbjen. 35 sal\u00ean daw\u00ee, heta radeyek\u00ea, li ser v\u00ea bingeh\u00ea p\u00ea\u015f ketine.<\/p>\n

B\u00ea guman, di derbar\u00ea sedem\u00ean hilwe\u015f\u00een \u00fb hilwe\u015fandina sosyal\u00eezma rael de asteke gir\u00eeng a raman \u00fb n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ea heye. Her \u00e7end hin raman\u00ean n\u00fb li ser v\u00ea mijar\u00ea hatine p\u00ea\u015fxistin j\u00ee, bidestxistina n\u00eaz\u00eekatiyek hol\u00eest\u00eek ku ji sosyal\u00eezma rast\u00een derbas dibe \u00fb dibe alternat\u00eefek ji bo kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea \u00fb afirandina \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ean teor\u00eek \u00ean n\u00fb, bi piran\u00ee t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbye. Di \u015f\u00fbna w\u00ea de, meyla rev\u00eena ji sosyal\u00eezm\u00ea \u00fb n\u00eaz\u00eekatiy\u00ean dogmat\u00eek serdest b\u00fbne. Her \u00e7end hin ji wan z\u00eade l\u00eeberal b\u00fbne \u00fb di nav pergal\u00ea de entegre b\u00fbne j\u00ee, n\u00eaz\u00eekatiya dogmat\u00eek bi dubarekirina hin prens\u00eeb\u00ean teor\u00eek \u00ean ku b\u00ea sepandina prat\u00eek\u00ee ne, b\u00eabandor b\u00fbye.<\/p>\n

Ji destp\u00eak\u00ea ve, n\u00eaz\u00eekatiya her\u00ee cid\u00ee, rexnegir \u00fb afir\u00eener a hilwe\u015f\u00eena sosyal\u00eezma rael ji h\u00eala R\u00eaber Abdullah Ocalan ve hatiye n\u00ee\u015fandan. W\u00ee hem\u00ee meyl\u00ean rev\u00eena ji sosyal\u00eezm\u00ea rexne kir, got, “Gumankirina li sosyal\u00eezm\u00ea gumankirina mirovahiy\u00ea \u00fb heb\u00fbna w\u00ea ya civak\u00ee ye,” \u00fb “Israrkirina li ser sosyal\u00eezm\u00ea israrkirina li ser mirovb\u00fbn\u00ea ye,” \u00fb w\u00ee hewl da ku bi t\u00eageh \u00fb raman\u00ean n\u00fb y\u00ean ku w\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fxistine, r\u00eaxistin\u00ea bir\u00eave bibe. Pi\u015ft\u00ee komploya navnetewey\u00ee, R\u00eaber Abdullah Ocalan, bi balki\u015fandina ser sedem\u00ean komploy\u00ea \u00fb r\u00eay\u00ean derbasb\u00fbna w\u00ea \u00fb di heman dem\u00ea de p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirina rexne \u00fb nirxandin\u00ean sedem\u00ean hilwe\u015f\u00eena sosyal\u00eezma rast\u00een, \u015fore\u015fek rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ee ya d\u00eerok\u00ee ya gir\u00eeng di kesayetiya xwe de p\u00eak an\u00ee. R\u00eaber Abdullah Ocalan di parastina xwe ya bi nav\u00ea “Ji Dewleta Ke\u015fey\u00ea Sumer\u00ee ber bi \u015earistaniya Demokrat\u00eek” de nirxandin\u00ean xwe y\u00ean yekem \u00ean berfireh \u00ean li ser sosyal\u00eezma rael kir. Ji ber ku v\u00ea yek\u00ea t\u00ear\u00ea nedikir, w\u00ee ragihand, “Em kr\u00eezek \u00eedeoloj\u00eek dij\u00een” \u00fb mijara guhertina nav\u00ea PKK\u2018\u00ea an\u00ee rojev\u00ea. Pi\u015ftre, bi k\u00fbrkirina bal\u00ea, w\u00ee di parastina xwe ya bi nav\u00ea “Parastina Gelek\u00ee” de guhertinek parad\u00eegmay\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f kir. W\u00ee PKK ji partiyek desthilatdar \u00fb dewlet-navend veguherand ji n\u00fb ve avakirina PKK\u2018\u00ea li ser bingeha parad\u00eegmaya “Civaka Demokrat\u00eek, Ekoloj\u00eek \u00fb Rizgariya Jinan”. Pa\u015f\u00ea, w\u00ee ev parad\u00eegma wek\u00ee “Teoriya Modern\u00eeteya Demokrat\u00eek” wek\u00ee alternat\u00eefek ji bo modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest berfireh kir \u00fb anal\u00eez kir. Di parastina xwe ya bi nav\u00ea “Sosyolojiya Azadiy\u00ea” de, di bin sernav\u00ea “Modern\u00eeteya Demokrat\u00eek li dij\u00ee Modern\u00eeteya Kap\u00eetal\u00eest”, w\u00ee modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek bi civaka exlaq\u00ee-siyas\u00ee, civaka eko-abor\u00ee \u00fb civaka konfederal\u00eest a demokrat\u00eek, li hember aliy\u00ean modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest \u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00eezm, p\u00ee\u015fesaz\u00ee \u00fb dewleta netewey\u00ee, p\u00eanase kir. Bi v\u00ee away\u00ee, bi derbaskirina sosyal\u00eezma rast\u00een di her war\u00ee de, digel sedem\u00ean hilwe\u015f\u00eena w\u00ea, w\u00ee teoriyek, bername \u00fb stratejiyek sosyal\u00eezma demokrat\u00eek a n\u00fb p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f kir ku \u00e7areseriyan ji bo rizgariya bindestan li dij\u00ee modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest n\u00ee\u015fan da.<\/p>\n

Teoriya Modern\u00eeteya Demokrat\u00eek a R\u00eaber Abdullah Ocalan li her dever\u00ea ku digih\u00eeje, bi taybet\u00ee ji h\u00eala jin \u00fb ciwanan \u00fb her weha ji h\u00eala hem\u00ee karker \u00fb gel\u00ean bindest ve bi eleqeyek \u00fb co\u015fek mezin t\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fwaz\u00eekirin, di her kes\u00ea ku ji h\u00eala kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea ve hatiye xeniqandin de h\u00eaviyek n\u00fb diafir\u00eene. Li ser v\u00ea bingeh\u00ea n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ean li ser sosyal\u00eezm \u00fb armanc\u00ean navnetewey\u00ee y\u00ean n\u00fb j\u00ee derdikevin hol\u00ea. Xeta modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek \u00fb \u00e7areseriya neteweyek demokrat\u00eek wek\u00ee mifteya xilasb\u00fbna ji xirbey\u00ean sosyal\u00eezma rast\u00een t\u00eane d\u00eetin. B\u00ea guman, rastiya ku alternat\u00eefa modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek li Rojhilata Nav\u00een derketiye hol\u00ea \u00fb p\u00ea\u015f ketiye pir gir\u00eeng \u00fb t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ft\u00ee ye. Ji ber ku Rojhilata Nav\u00een hem h\u00eal\u00eena civaka komunal a dayiksalar \u00fb hem j\u00ee navenda qeli\u015ftoka ku\u015ftina kastan \u00fb veguher\u00eena w\u00ea bo pergalek dewletpar\u00eaz e. Bi gotineke din, erdn\u00eegariya sereke ku \u015faristan\u00ee l\u00ea ji dayik b\u00fbye \u00fb p\u00ea\u015f ketiye Rojhilata Nav\u00een e. Modern\u00eeteya Ewrop\u00ee ji veguhestina p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean ji \u00e7ar aliy\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ea, di ser\u00ee de ji v\u00ea \u015faristaniy\u00ea, bo Ewropay\u00ea derketiye hol\u00ea \u00fb s\u00eestema kap\u00eetal\u00eest xwestiye van nirx\u00ean modern ji bo berjewendiya xwe bikar b\u00eene. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, komb\u00fbna \u00e7and\u00ee ya her\u00ee xurt ku dikare alternat\u00eefek modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek li hember modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest p\u00ea\u015f bixe, li Rojhilata Nav\u00een heye. Ji aliyek\u00ee din ve, Rojhilata Nav\u00een di heman dem\u00ea de ew dever e ku \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea S\u00eayem\u00een, serdema her\u00ee kr\u00eet\u00eek a modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest, l\u00ea ye. Di demek\u00ea de ku r\u00eayek enerjiy\u00ea ya n\u00fb li ser bingeha v\u00ee \u015fer\u00ee t\u00ea xwestin ku were afirandin, hegemonya \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea li Rojhilata Nav\u00een j\u00ee li gor\u00ee Peymana \u00cebrah\u00eem\u00ee t\u00ea xwestin ku were p\u00ea\u015fxistin. Ev p\u00eavajo ku armanc dike ku \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea bi girtina Erebistana Si\u00fbd\u00ee \u00fb Misr\u00ea li k\u00ealeka xwe bike h\u00eazek hegemon\u00eek a her\u00eam\u00ee, \u015fikandina hegemonya d\u00eerok\u00ee ya Faris \u00fb Tirk li Rojhilata Nav\u00een \u00fb daxistina van h\u00eazan bo poz\u00eesyonek pola duyem\u00een p\u00ea\u015fb\u00een\u00ee dike. Ev hem\u00fb nakok\u00ee \u00fb pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean li Rojhilata Nav\u00een dijwartir \u00fb k\u00fbrtir dike \u00fb poz\u00eesyona Kurdan, ku di sedsala daw\u00ee de li her\u00eam\u00ea rast\u00ee \u00eenkar \u00fb w\u00earankirin\u00ea hatine, radixe ber \u00e7avan.<\/p>\n

Mezopotamya ku ji aliy\u00ea \u00e7em\u00ean Firat \u00fb Dicle ve t\u00ea avdan, wek\u00ee navenda civakeke kom\u00eenal a dayiksalar\u00ee \u00fb di dil\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fkeftina \u015faristaniy\u00ea de t\u00ea zan\u00een. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, Kurdistan di tevahiya d\u00eeroka \u015faristaniy\u00ea de wek\u00ee meydaneke \u015fer a domdar b\u00fbye, rast\u00ee dagirker\u00ee \u00fb m\u00eat\u00eengeriy\u00ea hatiye. Civak\u00ean Kurd ku ji H\u00fbriyan ve bi berdewam\u00ee li v\u00ea her\u00eam\u00ea dij\u00een, di p\u00ea\u015fkeftina civak\u00ee \u00fb \u015faristaniy\u00ea de roleke gir\u00eeng l\u00eestine, di heman dem\u00ea de xwe wek\u00ee civak\u00ean n\u00eev-ko\u00e7er \u00ean e\u015f\u00eer\u00ee \u00fb qeb\u00eele di bersiva van \u015fer \u00fb dagirkirinan de bi berdewam\u00ee r\u00eaxistin kirine, di ser\u00ee de ewlehiya xwe bi parastina xwe ya li \u00e7iyayan ewle kirine.<\/p>\n

D\u00eeroka Kurdan dest bi pa\u015fketin\u00ea kir, di ser\u00ee de bi r\u00eaveberiya navend\u00ee ya Osman\u00ee ku li hember kap\u00eetal\u00eezma Ewrop\u00ee di pa\u015fketin\u00ea de b\u00fb, ji destp\u00eaka sedsala 19\u2018an ve bala xwe da Kurdistan\u00ea. Pi\u015ft\u00ee t\u00eakbirina berxwedana m\u00eerektiya Kurdan, \u00cemperatoriya Osman\u00ee di \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem de t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fb \u00fb per\u00e7e b\u00fb \u00fb Kurdistan b\u00fb \u00e7ar par\u00e7e. Tevgera Kemal\u00eest ku ji xirbey\u00ean \u00cemperatoriya Osman\u00ee derketiye \u00fb bi giran\u00ee ji Kurdan \u00fb Yek\u00eetiya Sovyet\u00ea h\u00eaz werdigire, di 24\u2018\u00ea T\u00eermeha 1923\u2018an de li Lozan\u00ea peymanek \u00eemze kir ku t\u00ea de dabe\u015fkirina Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb \u00eenkarkirina heb\u00fbna Kurdan di berd\u00eala dewletb\u00fbn\u00ea de destn\u00ee\u015fan kir. Ev yek di d\u00eeroka Kurdan de xalek wer\u00e7erx\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan da ku b\u00fb sedema \u00eenkar \u00fb tunekirin\u00ea. Tepeserkirina tevger\u00ean berxwedana Kurdan di navbera sal\u00ean 1925 \u00fb 1940an de, li ser v\u00ea bingeh\u00ea, Kurdistan xist nav lep\u00ean qirkirina tevah\u00ee.<\/p>\n

Bi awayek\u00ee, Tevgera PKK\u2018\u00ea ku ji sala 1973\u2018an \u00fb p\u00ea ve wek\u00ee bertekek li hember v\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea derket hol\u00ea \u00fb p\u00ea\u015f ket, hi\u015fmendiya xweparastin\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7alakiy\u00ean gel\u00ea Kurd li dij\u00ee qirkirina ferzkir\u00ee derxist hol\u00ea. Bi Berxwedana Zindan\u00ea ya li dij\u00ee darbeya fa\u015f\u00eest-le\u015fker\u00ee ya 12\u00ea \u00celona 1980an \u00fb \u00car\u00ee\u015fa Ger\u00eela ya 15\u00ea Tebaxa 1984an, di destp\u00eaka sal\u00ean 1990\u00ee de serhildan\u00ean gel da destp\u00eakirin, \u015eore\u015fa Vej\u00eena Netewey\u00ee bi dest xist \u00fb heb\u00fbna Kurd a ku di p\u00eavajoyek \u00eenkar \u00fb tunekirin\u00ea de hatib\u00fb e\u015fkerekirin, bi v\u00ee away\u00ee qeb\u00fblkirina xwe ya gi\u015ft\u00ee misoger kir \u00fb ew xurt kir. Ji sala 1993\u2018an vir ve, di t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena xwe ya ji bo azadkirina heb\u00fbna xwe ya damezrand\u00ee de, rast\u00ee astengiyan hat, pa\u015fketin\u00ean giran ki\u015fand \u00fb gelek \u015fa\u015f\u00ee \u00fb k\u00eamas\u00ee d\u00eet. Ev nekar\u00eena guhertin\u00ea \u00fb rew\u015fa b\u00ea\u00e7alak a ji ber w\u00ea j\u00ee ji bo \u00ear\u00ee\u015feke komploya navnetewey\u00ee zem\u00eenek berhemdar peyda kir. Bi Parad\u00eegmaya Modern\u00eeteya Demokrat\u00eek a ku ji h\u00eala R\u00eaber Abdullah Ocalan ve hat\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fxistin, veguher\u00eenek gir\u00eeng derbas kir \u00fb hewl da ku xwe wek\u00ee h\u00eazek \u00e7areseriy\u00ea saz bike.<\/p>\n

R\u00eaber Abdullah Ocalan, dema ku d\u00eet ku ev hem\u00fb hewldan t\u00ear\u00ea nakin, di 7\u00ea Cotmeha 2023\u2018an de, bandor\u00ean siyas\u00ee \u00fb le\u015fker\u00ee y\u00ean \u015eer\u00ea Xezzey\u00ea li ser Tirkiyey\u00ea nirxand \u00fb bi Bangewaziya xwe ya ji bo A\u015ft\u00ee \u00fb Civaka Demokrat\u00eek a 27\u2018\u00ea Sibata 2025an, fesihkirina PKK\u2018\u00ea \u00fb bidaw\u00eean\u00eena stratejiya w\u00ea ya t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena \u00e7ekdar\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f kir. PKK\u2019\u00ea ku di 5-7\u2018\u00ea Gulana 2025\u2018an de Kongreya xwe ya 12\u2018em\u00een li dar xist, ev bang veguherand biryarek\u00ea \u00fb daw\u00ee li PKK\u2018\u00ea \u00fb stratejiya w\u00ea ya t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena \u00e7ekdar\u00ee an\u00ee ku gih\u00ee\u015ftib\u00fb dawiya temen\u00ea xwe. Ji bo ku li ser bingeha Yek\u00eetiya Komun\u00ean Demokrat\u00eek \u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea ku li ser bingeha teoriya Modern\u00eeteya Demokrat\u00eek, bernameyek civaka demokrat\u00eek \u00fb stratejiyeke siyas\u00ee ya demokrat\u00eek ava b\u00fbye, destp\u00eakek n\u00fb bike, PKK radest\u00ee d\u00eerok\u00ea hat kirin. Misogerkirina heb\u00fbna azad a gel\u00ea Kurd li ser xeta neteweyek demokrat\u00eek d\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015fxistina r\u00eaxistina komuna demokrat\u00eek di her war\u00ee de gengaz be. Pir gir\u00eeng \u00fb watedar e ku Kurd ku ji h\u00eala R\u00eaber Abdullah Ocalan ve hatine ronakkirin \u00fb r\u00eaxistinkirin, p\u00ea\u015fengiya p\u00ea\u015fxistina modern\u00eeteya demokrat\u00eek ku alternat\u00eefek ji bo modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest li Rojhilata Nav\u00een e, bikin. Ji ber ku li Rojhilata Nav\u00een ku ji aliy\u00ea pergala kap\u00eetal\u00eest ve her\u00ee z\u00eade t\u00ea zilmkirin, y\u00ea her\u00ee z\u00eade t\u00ea zilmkirin gel\u00ea Kurd e. Ti\u015ft\u00ea ku winda dibe li cih\u00ea ku winda dibe t\u00ea d\u00eetin \u00fb her ti\u015ft li ser kok\u00ean xwe ge\u015f dibe. Koka civaka komunal Kurdistan e \u00fb ev \u015f\u00eawaza jiyan\u00ea li Kurdistan\u00ea bi giran\u00ee winda b\u00fbye. R\u00eaber Abdullah Ocalan e, bi r\u00eaya Teoriya Modern\u00eeteya Demokrat\u00eek, ti\u015ft\u00ea ku winda b\u00fbye d\u00eetiye \u00fb li ser v\u00ea bingeh\u00ea rast\u00ee e\u015fkere kiriye. Bi rast\u00ee, \u00e7areser\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee teor\u00eek \u00fb stratej\u00eek hatiye d\u00eetin; may\u00ee li ser bicihan\u00eena van di prat\u00eek\u00ea de ye, veguherandina wan bo r\u00eaxistin \u00fb \u00e7alakiy\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

E\u015fkere ye ku gotina ku sosyal\u00eestan di destp\u00eaka sedsala 20\u2018an de gotine, “Yan sosyal\u00eezm an barbar\u00eezm,” h\u00een b\u00eatir ji bo kap\u00eetal\u00eezma \u00eeroy\u00een a ku hilwe\u015fiyaye ku b\u00fbye komkujiyek rast\u00een a xweza, civak \u00fb jinan derbasdar e. Ger pergala modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest sed sal ber\u00ea bihata serdestkirin, civak ewqas par\u00e7e neb\u00fbya, jiyana komunal \u00fb kolekt\u00eef ewqas derbe nedixwar. Takekes\u00ee \u00fb materyal\u00eezma modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ewqas p\u00ea\u015f nediket \u00fb belav nedib\u00fb \u00fb jiyana civak\u00ee ya komunal ewqas tine nedib\u00fb. Kr\u00eez \u00fb kaos ewqas k\u00fbr nedib\u00fbya, xweza \u00fb civak heta v\u00ea radey\u00ea nedihatin tehd\u00eetkirin. Ger \u00eero teor\u00ee \u00fb prat\u00eeka derbaskirina s\u00eestema kanser\u00ee ya modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ney\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fxistin, w\u00ea hing\u00ea ev hem\u00fb karesat d\u00ea h\u00een mezintir bibin \u00fb mirovah\u00ee d\u00ea bi karesateke rast\u00een re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb bim\u00eene. B\u00ea guman, derbaskirina v\u00ea s\u00eestema karesatbar div\u00ea di ser\u00ee de di qada z\u00eehniyet\u00ea de p\u00eak were. Ji ber ku ev hem\u00fb kr\u00eez \u00fb kaos bi giran\u00ee di qada z\u00eehniyet\u00ea de t\u00ea jiy\u00een \u00fb sosyolojiya poz\u00eet\u00eev\u00eest a hey\u00ee \u00e7avkaniya kr\u00eez\u00ea ye. Sosyolojiy\u00ean hey\u00ee ji bo xemilandin \u00fb h\u00eazdarkirina burjuvaziy\u00ea hatine hilberandin. Li dij\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea, p\u00ea\u015fxistin \u00fb belavkirina \u015fore\u015fek n\u00fb ya rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ee, destp\u00eakirina r\u00eaya \u015fore\u015fa rastiy\u00ea ya li ser bingeha \u015fore\u015fek z\u00eehniyet \u00fb wijdan\u00ea, dibe peywirek her\u00ee gir\u00eeng. Sosyal\u00eezma n\u00fb div\u00ea komunal\u00eezma kevin vej\u00eene; hewldana rakirina xencer ji pi\u015ft\u00ea div\u00ea armanc bike ku civakek exlaq\u00ee \u00fb siyas\u00ee b\u00ea xencer be. Guhertin \u00fb veguher\u00eena ku li Kurdistan\u00ea diqewime, ev destp\u00eaka n\u00fb, ne ten\u00ea netewey\u00ee ye, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de her\u00eam\u00ee \u00fb gerd\u00fbn\u00ee ye j\u00ee. Ew armanc dike ku yek\u00eetiya konfederal a demokrat\u00eek a gel\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea, \u00fb her weha afirandina enternasyonalek komunal li ser asta gerd\u00fbn\u00ee be. B\u00ea guman, ti\u015ftek bi awayek\u00ee xweber \u00fb b\u00ea t\u00eako\u015f\u00een \u00e7\u00eanabe. T\u00eako\u015f\u00eenek ku bi n\u00eaz\u00eekatiyek afir\u00eener \u00fb destkeft\u00ee-navend\u00ee t\u00ea me\u015fandin, d\u00ea her gav \u00fb li her der\u00ea b\u00ea guman p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean p\u00ea\u015fb\u00een\u00eekir\u00ee biafir\u00eene. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, nirxandin \u00fb anal\u00eez\u00ean teor\u00eek \u00ean p\u00eaw\u00eest d\u00ea li j\u00ear, di he\u015ft be\u015f\u00ean sereke de, bi berfireh\u00ee werin p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirin. Ev be\u015f d\u00ea ji sernav\u00ean sereke y\u00ean j\u00ear\u00een p\u00eak werin: Xweza \u00fb Wate, Xwezaya Civak\u00ee \u00fb Pirsgir\u00eak, Dilema Komun \u00fb Dewlet\u00ea di Civaka D\u00eerok\u00ee de, Modern\u00eet\u00ee, Pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean Rojhilata Nav\u00een \u00fb \u00c7areseriya Modern\u00eeteya Demokrat\u00eek, Kurdistan \u00fb Rastiya Kurd, Cih \u00fb Rola PKK\u2018\u00ea di D\u00eerok\u00ea de \u00fb Taybetmend\u00ee \u00fb Erk\u00ean Serdema N\u00fb.<\/p>\n

XWEZA \u00db WATE<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- DIYALEKT\u00ceKA XWEZAY\u00ca<\/p>\n

Wate p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee “heb\u00fbnek\u00ea” hewce dike. Wate nikare serbixwe ji heb\u00fbn\u00ea were fikir\u00een. Em xwezay\u00ea bi r\u00eaya t\u00eag\u00een\u00ean xwe y\u00ean der\u00fbn\u00ee nas dikin, l\u00ea ev t\u00eag\u00een li ser \u00e7avd\u00ear\u00ee \u00fb ezm\u00fbn\u00ean me y\u00ean xwezay\u00ea ne. Tewra bi v\u00ea p\u00eanasey\u00ea re j\u00ee, faktor\u00ean c\u00fbda y\u00ean wek\u00ee heb\u00fbn, wate \u00fb raman wek\u00ee p\u00eakhatey\u00ean v\u00ea diyalekt\u00eek\u00ea derdikevin p\u00ea\u015f. Ber\u00ee her ti\u015ft\u00ee, div\u00ea were qeb\u00fblkirin ku karan\u00eena t\u00eageh\u00ean “xweza” \u00fb “watey\u00ea” li k\u00ealeka hev, bi hev ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee, ne pir gelemper\u00ee ye. Li gor\u00ee hi\u015fmendiya zanista civak\u00ee ya n\u00fbjen, xweza xwezaya f\u00eez\u00eek\u00ee ye \u00fb mijara zanist\u00ean er\u00ean\u00ee ye. Ji h\u00eala din ve, wate sosyoloj\u00eek e \u00fb her\u00ee z\u00eade dikare mijara zanist\u00ean civak\u00ee be. \u00db tewra ew j\u00ee bi hin mercan ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, li gor\u00ee v\u00ea t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftin\u00ea, xweza \u00fb wate peyv\u00ean ji c\u00eehan\u00ean cuda ne. Ev t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftin hem encam \u00fb hem j\u00ee n\u00ee\u015fana d\u00fbrketina hi\u015f\u00ea mirovan ji rastiya xwezay\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee ye. Wek\u00ee ku t\u00ea zan\u00een, ber\u00ee modern\u00eetey\u00ea, bawer dihat kirin ku xweza di \u015fekildana mirovahiy\u00ea de roleke gir\u00eeng dil\u00eeze, l\u00ea modern\u00eetey\u00ea di \u015fekildana mirovahiy\u00ea de j\u00eengeh\u00ea li ser xwezay\u00ea da p\u00ea\u015fiy\u00ea \u00fb bi r\u00eaya perwerde \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee r\u00eayek ji n\u00fb ve \u015fekildana mirovahiy\u00ea girt. T\u00eageh\u00ean xweza \u00fb watey\u00ea bi hev ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ne. Ji ber ku wate berhema p\u00ea\u015fkeftina f\u00eez\u00eek\u00ee \u00fb biyoloj\u00eek e. B\u00eay\u00ee v\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fkeftina xwezay\u00ea, ne mumkin e ku meriv behsa mirovahiy\u00ea bike \u00fb ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea behsa raman \u00fb watey\u00ea bike. T\u00eakiliya di navbera xweza \u00fb watey\u00ea de gir\u00eeng e. Kesek ku nikaribe diyalekt\u00eeka fonksiyona xwezay\u00ea \u00fb d\u00eenam\u00eek\u00ean p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea bi r\u00eak\u00fbp\u00eak fam bike, nikare cih\u00ea xwe di heb\u00fbna xwe de, di nav diyalekt\u00eeka xwezay\u00ee ya heb\u00fbna xwe de bi r\u00eak\u00fbp\u00eak fam bike. Friedrich Engels bi k\u00fbrah\u00ee li ser “Diyalekt\u00eeka Xwezay\u00ea” fikir\u00ee \u00fb niv\u00eesand, bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee yek ji bingeh\u00ean her\u00ee gir\u00eeng \u00ean h\u00eaza raman\u00ea afirand ku di d\u00eerok\u00ea de roleke gir\u00eeng l\u00eestiye. Ji van raman\u00ean dijwar, Engels r\u00eabazek anal\u00eet\u00eek a pir bi bandor hilberand. T\u00ea zan\u00een ku du teoriy\u00ean sereke hene ku bingeha \u00eedeolojiya Marks\u00eest digirin. Yek ji wan materyal\u00eezma d\u00eerok\u00ee ye. Ev teoriya ku bi anal\u00eeza d\u00eerok \u00fb civak\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye \u00fb afir\u00eener\u00ea w\u00ea Marks e. Teoriyek din j\u00ee materyal\u00eezma diyalekt\u00eek e ku ji h\u00eala Engels ve hat\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fvexistin. Materyal\u00eezma diyalekt\u00eek di bingeh de teoriyek heb\u00fbn \u00fb zan\u00een\u00ea ye. Ew \u00eed\u00eea dike ku bingeha heb\u00fbn\u00ea \u00fb ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea zan\u00een, made ye; ku made ne stat\u00eek e l\u00ea d\u00eenam\u00eek e, her dem diguhere, \u00fb ku ev guhertin li ser bingehek diyalekt\u00eek dixebite. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, materyal\u00eezma diyalekt\u00eek \u00eed\u00eea dike ku hem tevgera madey\u00ea \u00fb hem j\u00ee, di encam\u00ea de, raman li ser avahiy\u00ean diyalekt\u00eek dixebitin. Xala gir\u00eeng ku em dixwazin tekez bikin ev e ku ev encam bi riya l\u00eakol\u00eena diyalekt\u00eek\u00ea an ziman\u00ea xwezay\u00ea hatine gih\u00ee\u015ftin. Bingeh\u00ean zanist\u00ee y\u00ean ku t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina diyalekt\u00eek a Marks\u00eest li ser wan disekin\u00ee, ji hol\u00ea rab\u00fbne. Qeb\u00fblkirina madey\u00ea wek\u00ee bingeha ontoloj\u00eek a heb\u00fbn\u00ea di ronahiya daney\u00ean zanist\u00ee y\u00ean w\u00ea dem\u00ea de t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ft\u00ee ye. Daney\u00ean \u00eeroy\u00een ev qeb\u00fblkirin b\u00eabandor kiriye. Baldar\u00ee dikare ne li ser nakokiya bixwe, l\u00ea li ser hin guhertin\u00ean di karakter\u00ea w\u00ea de were ki\u015fandin. Ya ku li vir gir\u00eeng e, bazdana rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ee ye ku ji h\u00eala balki\u015fandina Engels li ser “Diyalekt\u00eeka Xwezay\u00ea” ve hat\u00ee afirandin. Ew rastiyek nay\u00ea \u00eenkarkirin ku eleqeya berfireh a Engels bi “Civaka Kevnar” a Lewis Henry Morgan \u00fb niv\u00eesandina w\u00ee ya li ser “\u00c7avkaniya Malbat, Milk\u00ea Taybet \u00fb Dewlet\u00ea” bi v\u00ea hi\u015fmendiy\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n

Zanist li hev dike ku Teq\u00eena Mezin ku wek\u00ee k\u00ealiya afirandina gerd\u00fbn\u00ea t\u00ea hesibandin, bi qas\u00ee 13.8 milyar sal ber\u00ea qewim\u00ee. Teq\u00eena Mezin teq\u00eenek enerjiya b\u00eadaw\u00ee ye ku di qadeke pir pi\u00e7\u00fbk \u00fb m\u00eekro-mezin de kom b\u00fbye. Ji ber t\u00eerb\u00fbna enerjiy\u00ea \u00fb berdana enerjiya pir bilez a ku bi teq\u00een\u00ea re hat, qada m\u00eekro berfireh b\u00fb \u00fb qadeke makro \u00e7\u00eakir. Ev qada makro ya berfireh ku di navbera m\u00eekro-dem\u00ea de \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye, wek\u00ee gerd\u00fbn t\u00ea binavkirin. Heta \u00eero j\u00ee, hin zanyar dib\u00eajin ku gerd\u00fbn h\u00een j\u00ee berfireh dibe. Y\u00ean din j\u00ee \u00eeht\u00eemala ku dibe ku dest bi girjb\u00fbn\u00ea kiribe dinirx\u00eenin \u00fb n\u00eeqa\u015fa li ser v\u00ea mijar\u00ea berdewam dike.<\/p>\n

Li gor\u00ee v\u00ea teoriy\u00ea, di qonax\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea y\u00ean gerd\u00fbn\u00ea de, made ten\u00ea ji per\u00e7ey\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean wek\u00ee kuark \u00fb gluonan p\u00eak dihat. Di per\u00e7eyek saniyeyek\u00ea de, dema ku berfirehb\u00fbn h\u00ead\u00ee b\u00fb \u00fb germah\u00ee daket, kuark \u00fb gluon bi hev re b\u00fbn yek \u00fb proton \u00fb notron \u00e7\u00eakirin. \u00c7end deqeyan \u015f\u00fbnda, germah\u00ee h\u00een b\u00eatir daket, gih\u00ee\u015ft bi qas\u00ee milyarek pileyan. Piraniya protonan wek\u00ee navok\u00ean h\u00eedrojen\u00ea serbixwe man. Hin proton \u00fb notron bi hev re b\u00fbn yek \u00fb navok\u00ean deuterium \u00fb hely\u00fbm\u00ea \u00e7\u00eakirin. Di dawiya v\u00ea p\u00eavajoy\u00ea de, proton\u00ean bi bar\u00ean er\u00ean\u00ee elektron\u00ean bi bar\u00ean ney\u00een\u00ee ki\u015fandin \u00fb atom\u00ean yekem \u00e7\u00eakirin. Ev atom\u00ean sade blok\u00ean avahiy\u00ea y\u00ean st\u00earkan in. Bi gotineke din, st\u00eark ji van atom\u00ean sade p\u00eak t\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Fikra atom\u00ea di dem\u00ean kevnar de wek\u00ee t\u00eageheke sade \u00fb razber derket hol\u00ea. Bi dem\u00ea re, xwezaya atoman hate de\u015f\u00eefrekirin. \u00cero, jiyan b\u00eay\u00ee zanista atom\u00ea nay\u00ea fikir\u00een. Gelek am\u00fbr \u00fb c\u00eehaz\u00ean ku di jiyana rojane de t\u00eane bikaran\u00een, wek\u00ee radyo, TV \u00fb komputer, bi saya v\u00ea zanist\u00ea ne.<\/p>\n

Avab\u00fbna st\u00eark \u00fb galaksiyan ji atoman bi sed m\u00eelyonan sal pi\u015ft\u00ee Teq\u00eena Mezin \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb. Avab\u00fbna pergala roj\u00ea \u00fb Erd\u00ea neh m\u00eelyar sal \u015f\u00fbnda \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea ev \u00e7awa \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb? Her ku gerd\u00fbn berfireh dib\u00fb, made bi rengek wekhev di fezay\u00ea de belav dib\u00fb. L\u00eabel\u00ea, dema ku nelir\u00eatiy\u00ean pi\u00e7\u00fbk di dendika madey\u00ea de xuya b\u00fbn, ki\u015fandina erd\u00ea ket dewr\u00ea, ku b\u00fb sedema komb\u00fbna mezintir a made \u00fb enerjiy\u00ea li hin her\u00eaman. Bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee, ewr\u00ean gaz\u00ea y\u00ean ku m\u00eeqdar\u00ean mezin \u00ean h\u00eedrojen \u00fb hely\u00fbm\u00ea dihew\u00eenin \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbn. St\u00eark ji van ewr\u00ean gaz\u00ea y\u00ean ku j\u00ea re nebula t\u00ea gotin \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbn. Her\u00eam\u00ean ji nebula mezintir dikarin ji ber ki\u015fandina van ewr\u00ean gaz\u00ea dest p\u00ea bikin. Ev her\u00eam dikarin bi dem\u00ea re bibin sedema hevgirtin\u00ean navok\u00ee, reaksiyon\u00ean ku t\u00ea de h\u00eedrojen vediguhere hely\u00fbm\u00ea \u00fb m\u00eeqdar\u00ean mezin \u00ean germ\u00ee \u00fb ronahiy\u00ea \u00e7\u00eadike. Ev teq\u00een\u00ean reaksiyon\u00ea sedema w\u00ea ne ku st\u00eark, tev\u00ee Roj\u00ea, ge\u015fb\u00fbnek wusa tund n\u00ee\u015fan didin. \u00c7awa ku grav\u00eetasyon her\u00eam\u00ean gaz\u00ea y\u00ean qelewtir diafir\u00eene, st\u00earkan \u00e7\u00eadike, ew bi girtina st\u00earkan di r\u00eageh \u00fb hevsengiy\u00ea de galaksiyan j\u00ee diafir\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Heta p\u00eavajoya avakirina atoman j\u00ee, ku f\u00eelozof\u00ean Yewnan\u00ee wek\u00ee blok\u00ean avahiy\u00ea y\u00ean her\u00ee pi\u00e7\u00fbk \u00ean madey\u00ea p\u00eanase dikirin, dem girt. Ber\u00ee w\u00ea, avakirina kuark \u00fb per\u00e7ey\u00ean subatom\u00ee heb\u00fb. K\u00eamkirina p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna xwezay\u00ea, avakirina R\u00eaya \u015e\u00eer\u00ee, Erd \u00fb r\u00eaw\u00eetiya w\u00ea di nav pergala roj\u00ea de, \u00fb avakirin \u00fb p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna zindiyan – hem\u00ee mijar\u00ean ku l\u00eapirs\u00eenek berfireh \u00fb piral\u00ee hewce dikin – d\u00ea ji \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya mijara me pir derbas bibe.<\/p>\n

Em bi giran\u00ee li ser l\u00eakol\u00eena xwezay\u00ea, ziman\u00ea w\u00ea \u00fb diyalekt\u00eeka w\u00ea disekinin. Wek\u00ee ku t\u00ea zan\u00een, zanista klas\u00eek, ku bi Newton\u00ea gih\u00ee\u015ftiye l\u00fbtkey\u00ea, t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftinek gerd\u00fbn\u00ea ya b\u00eacan, b\u00eacan \u00fb mir\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f\u00ee me kir. Bi formula navdar a Einstein E = mc\u00b2, ku e\u015fkere kir ku made \u00fb enerj\u00ee di bingeh de heman ti\u015ft in, \u00eefadey\u00ean cuda y\u00ean heman rastiy\u00ea ne, t\u00eag\u00eena gerd\u00fbnek mir\u00ee ji d\u00eerok\u00ea re hate \u015fandin. Diyar b\u00fb ku gerd\u00fbn ne mir\u00ee ye, l\u00ea zind\u00ee ye. Bi rast\u00ee, dema ku meriv li ber \u00e7avan bigire ka \u00e7awa herik\u00een \u00fb afirandina enerjiy\u00ea \u00e7\u00eadibe, ne mimk\u00fbn e ku meriv f\u00eam neke ku gerd\u00fbn zind\u00ee ye. Ev t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina gerd\u00fbnek zind\u00ee me ne\u00e7ar kir ku em ne ten\u00ea li ser c\u00eehana mad\u00ee, l\u00ea li ser her ti\u015ft\u00ee j\u00ee ramana xwe biguher\u00eenin.<\/p>\n

F\u00eez\u00eeka kuantum\u00ea t\u00eag\u00eena gerd\u00fbneke mir\u00ee \u015fikand \u00fb zind\u00eetiya w\u00ea \u00eespat kir. An\u00eem\u00eezm, forma her\u00ee kevin a raman\u00ea, di bingeh de li ser jiyan\u00ea ye. ‘Anime’ t\u00ea wateya ruh. Ev felsefe h\u00eazek jiyan\u00ea, ruhek, dide her ti\u015ft\u00ea di xwezay\u00ea de. Mirov\u00ean ku ji xwezay\u00ea d\u00fbr neketin \u00fb li gor\u00ee esl\u00ea w\u00ea dij\u00een, ne bi r\u00eaya zanist\u00ea, l\u00ea bi r\u00eaya h\u00east-hi\u015f an j\u00ee bin-hi\u015f de ji zind\u00eetiya w\u00ea haydar b\u00fbn. Ev pir balk\u00ea\u015f e. Ved\u00eetin\u00ean zanyarek\u00ee wek\u00ee Newton mirovahiy\u00ea ji gerd\u00fbn\u00ea 200-300 salan kor kir. Bi rast\u00ee j\u00ee zanist dikare kor be.<\/p>\n

Ger gerd\u00fbn zind\u00ee be, ew \u00e7i cure zind\u00eet\u00ee ye? Ev l\u00eager\u00een zanist\u00ea ber bi l\u00eakol\u00eena per\u00e7ey\u00ean subatom\u00eek, f\u00eez\u00eeka kuantum\u00ea, anal\u00eez\u00ean gerd\u00fbna m\u00eekro-makro \u00fb teoriy\u00ean tevliheviy\u00ea ve bir. Di dawiy\u00ea de, guhertina zan\u00een \u00fb perspekt\u00eefa me li ser xweza \u00fb gerd\u00fbn\u00ea t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina me ya c\u00eehan\u00ea guherand. N\u00ear\u00eena me ya li ser gerd\u00fbn, xweza, civak \u00fb mirovahiy\u00ea asoy\u00ean n\u00fb bi dest xist.<\/p>\n

Di ramana Rojhilat\u00ee de j\u00ee gelek t\u00eageh\u00ean wekhev hene. Wisa dixuye ku ramanwer\u00ean Rojhilat\u00ee, 2-3 hezar sal ber\u00ea, bi awayek\u00ee h\u00east-hi\u015f \u00fb bin-hi\u015f\u00ea ti\u015ft\u00ean ku zanist\u00ea \u00eero \u00eespat kiriye, f\u00eam kirine. Xwendina ramana Rojhilat\u00ee ligel \u015fore\u015f\u00ean zanist\u00ee y\u00ean \u00eeroy\u00een t\u00eagihi\u015ftin\u00ean balk\u00ea\u015f \u00fb h\u00eenker p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f dike. Jiyan \u00e7i ye \u00fb ew \u00e7awa derketiye hol\u00ea? Zay\u00eena zindiyan ji bo mirovan hema hema m\u00fbc\u00eezeyek xuya dike. Rastiya ku afirandina mirovahiy\u00ea bi xwedayan ve t\u00ea gir\u00eadan, gelek al\u00eegir\u00ean w\u00ea hene, dibe ku ji v\u00ea xuyab\u00fbna m\u00fbc\u00eezey\u00ee derkeve hol\u00ea. L\u00ea di rastiy\u00ea de, heke p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna xwezay\u00ea were l\u00eakol\u00eenkirin, e\u015fkere dibe ku ew m\u00fbc\u00eezeyek n\u00eene. Ger m\u00fbc\u00eezeyek hebe, ew di diyalekt\u00eeka gerd\u00fbn\u00ea de ye. Xweza bi xwe di tevger\u00ea de ye, zind\u00ee ye, diyalekt\u00eek e \u00fb ti\u015ft\u00ea bingeh\u00een veguher\u00een e. Ti\u015ft\u00ea ku div\u00ea were f\u00eam kirin ev e ku ev \u00e7awa diqewime. Ti\u015ft\u00ea gir\u00eeng ew e ku meriv diyalekt\u00eeka veguher\u00een\u00ea f\u00eahm bike.<\/p>\n

Ji bo cara yekem di d\u00eerok\u00ea de, Charles Darwin, di pirt\u00fbka xwe ya “Kok\u00ean C\u00fbrey\u00ee-Li ser Origin of Species” de ku di sala 1859\u2018an de hat\u00ee we\u015fandin, daney\u00ean jeoloj\u00eek p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f kir \u00fb arg\u00fb kir ku \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbn \u00fb belavb\u00fbna nebat \u00fb heywanan li ser Erd\u00ea bi dem\u00ea re bi r\u00eaya hilbijartina xwezay\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fketiye. Ji ber ku teoriya w\u00ee li ser daneyan b\u00fb \u00fb li gor\u00ee ruh\u00ea dem\u00ea b\u00fb, ew bawerbar \u00fb pejirand\u00ee b\u00fb. Ew demek b\u00fb ku zanist ge\u015f dib\u00fb. Pa\u015f\u00ea, Darwin, di xebata xwe ya “Daketina Mirov” de, raman\u00ean ku w\u00ee di “Z\u00eadeb\u00fbna Cureya Mirovan-Li ser Origin of Species” de p\u00ea\u015fxistib\u00fbn, li ser p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna mirovan adapte kir. Bi gotineke din, w\u00ee l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean xwe y\u00ean li ser p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna nebat \u00fb heywanan li ser p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna mirovan sepandin.<\/p>\n

Heta w\u00ea dem\u00ea, mirovah\u00ee bi piran\u00ee li gor\u00ee referans\u00ean di metn\u00ean ol\u00ee de dihat nirxandin. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, Darwin bi dijberiyeke tund re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb ma. Teoriya p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea ya Darwin dibe ku gelek aliy\u00ean pirsgir\u00eakdar hebin, wek\u00ee qan\u00fbna hilbijartina xwezay\u00ee ku ji hing\u00ea ve rexne l\u00ea hatiye kirin. Her weha pir e\u015fkere ye ku ev teor\u00ee bi pergala kap\u00eetal\u00eest ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Bi rast\u00ee, kap\u00eetal\u00eestan teoriya p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea ji bo berjewendiya xwe bi kar an\u00eene. L\u00ea tev\u00ee van hem\u00fbyan, Darwin xalek wer\u00e7erx\u00ea ya d\u00eerok\u00ee tems\u00eel dike. Ya ku di xeterey\u00ea de ye, veguheztinek ji ramana li ser bingeha dogmaya ol\u00ee ye ber bi ramana zanist\u00ee-aqil. Dema ku jiyan t\u00ea hesibandin, aliyek\u00ee gir\u00eeng ku div\u00ea ney\u00ea pa\u015fguhkirin mirin e. Jiyan bi ne-jiyan\u00ea an mirin\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Guhertin \u00fb veguher\u00een di xwezay\u00ea de bi berdewam\u00ee t\u00ea wateya serketina li ser ti\u015ftek. Afirandin \u00fb hilwe\u015fandin bi hev ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ne. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, ti\u015ft\u00ea ku wate \u00fb gir\u00eengiy\u00ea dide jiyan\u00ea mirin e.<\/p>\n

Li gor\u00ee v\u00ea teoriy\u00ea, p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee organ\u00eezmay\u00ean yek-hucrey\u00ee heb\u00fbn, pa\u015f\u00ea c\u00fbrbec\u00fbrb\u00fbn \u00fb cureb\u00fbn p\u00ea\u015f ketin. R\u00eaziknamey\u00ean n\u00fb y\u00ean \u015faneyan \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbn, curey\u00ean n\u00fb derketin hol\u00ea \u00fb di dawiy\u00ea de, zindiyan \u015fikl girtin. Mirov dikare wek\u00ee r\u00eazkirinek \u015faneyan, r\u00eaxistinek \u015faneyan j\u00ee were hesibandin. R\u00eazikkirin \u00fb komb\u00eenasyona \u015faneyan a her\u00ee tevlihev di mejiy\u00ea mirov de t\u00ea d\u00eetin. Mejiy\u00ea mirov tr\u00eelyon \u015faneyan dihew\u00eene. Ev r\u00eazkirin \u00fb t\u00eakiliy\u00ean \u015faneyan hilber\u00eena enerjiy\u00ea ya mezin peyda dikin. Ti\u015ft\u00ea ku j\u00ea re mirina mej\u00ee t\u00ea gotin, div\u00ea rawestandina t\u00eakil\u00ee \u00fb hilber\u00eena enerjiy\u00ea ya van \u015faneyan be. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, jiyan ne ten\u00ea bi r\u00eazkirina \u015faneyan ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de bi cureyek rew\u015fa enerjiy\u00ea ya ku bi t\u00eakiliy\u00ean wan ve t\u00ea hilberandin ve j\u00ee gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n

Di sedsala 21an de l\u00eakol\u00eenek berfireh li ser avahiya \u015faney\u00ea hatiye kirin. Ev l\u00eakol\u00een n\u00ee\u015fan dide ku her k\u00ealiy\u00ea bi m\u00eelyonan \u015fane di mej\u00ee \u00fb la\u015f\u00ea mirov de \u00e7\u00eadibin \u00fb bi m\u00eelyonan dimirin. Ew e\u015fkere dike ku zay\u00een \u00fb mirin, jiyan \u00fb tunekirin, di heman dem\u00ea de di c\u00eehana \u015faney\u00ea de \u00e7\u00eadibin. Li gor\u00ee l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea, her \u015faneyek bi \u015fiyan \u00fb kapas\u00eeteya ragihandin \u00fb gir\u00eadana bi \u015faney\u00ean din re \u00e7\u00eadibe. \u015eane dikarin bij\u00een ger ew v\u00ea potansiyel\u00ea bikar b\u00eenin \u00fb bi \u015faney\u00ean din re t\u00eakil\u00ee \u00fb komb\u00eenasyonan \u00e7\u00eabikin. L\u00eabel\u00ea, heke ew nekarin an t\u00eakiliyan saz nekin, ew hildiwe\u015fin \u00fb dimirin. Wek\u00ee din, \u015faneyan demek b\u00eadaw\u00ee tune ku bi \u015faney\u00ean din ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee bibin. Dema wan s\u00eenorkir\u00ee ye. Bi rast\u00ee, \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyek wan a dem\u00ea heye. Ew \u00ea an bi avakirina t\u00eakil\u00ee \u00fb gir\u00eadanan bi \u015faney\u00ean din re di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya dem\u00ea de bij\u00een, an j\u00ee ew \u00ea bimirin \u00fb nem\u00eenin. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, pirsgir\u00eak ne ten\u00ea r\u00eazkirina \u015faneyan e, an j\u00ee heb\u00fbna wan e, l\u00ea \u015fiyana \u015faneyan a ji bo jiyan\u00ea bi t\u00eakiliyan, an j\u00ee bi r\u00eaxistin\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Gelo ev taybetmendiya \u015faney\u00ea dikare bi civaknasiya mirovan ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee be? Dibe ku yek ji sedem\u00ean ku mirov heb\u00fbn\u00ean civak\u00ee ne \u00fb nikarin li dervey\u00ee civak\u00ea bij\u00een ev taybetmendiya \u015faneya mirovan, ya genet\u00eeka w\u00ea be. Ev mijarek h\u00eajay\u00ee nirxandin\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

Ber\u00ee ku em derbas\u00ee mijara watey\u00ea bibin, d\u00ea k\u00earhat\u00ee be ku em hin aliy\u00ean avah\u00ee \u00fb p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna m\u00eaj\u00ee wek\u00ee navendek ji bo hilber\u00eena watey\u00ea ron\u00ee bikin. M\u00eajiy\u00ea mirov navenda pergala demar\u00ee ye ku fonksiyon\u00ean jiyan\u00ee, hestyar\u00ee \u00fb nasnamey\u00ee hene. Her yek ji van fonksiyonan ji h\u00eala her\u00eamek m\u00eaj\u00ee ve t\u00ea r\u00eavebirin, \u00fb m\u00eaj\u00ee van fonksiyonan bi dem\u00ea re bi dest dixe. Ev p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbnek evolusyon\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n

Qata yekem a m\u00eaj\u00ee, be\u015fa yekem a ku p\u00ea\u015f dikeve, m\u00eajiy\u00ea jiyan\u00ee ye. Ev j\u00ee wek\u00ee “m\u00eajiy\u00ea j\u00ear\u00een”, “m\u00eajiy\u00ea kevin”, “m\u00eajiy\u00ea xwer\u00fb”, “m\u00eajiy\u00ea xezalan” an “m\u00eajiy\u00ea destp\u00eak\u00ea” t\u00ea binavkirin. M\u00eajiy\u00ea xwer\u00fb fonksiyon\u00ean jiyan\u00ea y\u00ean klas\u00eek r\u00eak dixe: germahiya la\u015f, r\u00eajeya l\u00eadana dil, nefesgirtin, gera xw\u00een\u00ea \u00fb pergal\u00ean derxistin\u00ea di v\u00ea de hene. Ev m\u00eaj\u00ee bi jiyan \u00fb xwer\u00fbya jiyan\u00ea re mij\u00fbl dibe. Qata duyem\u00een a m\u00eaj\u00ee m\u00eajiy\u00ea hestyar\u00ee ye. Ev m\u00eaj\u00ee ten\u00ea di memikan de t\u00ea d\u00eetin. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, j\u00ea re m\u00eajiy\u00ea memikan j\u00ee t\u00ea gotin. Ew m\u00eajiy\u00ea limb\u00eek e. Ew \u015fekildana hestyar\u00ee ya biryar\u00ean ku di qata yekem a m\u00eaj\u00ee de derdikevin \u00fb r\u00eaberiya wan bi riya agahdariya hestyar\u00ee gengaz dike. B\u00eereke w\u00ea heye ku dikare dost \u00fb dijmin ji hev cuda bike. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, ew dikare were perwerdekirin.<\/p>\n

Qata s\u00eayem\u00een mejiy\u00ea nasnamey\u00ee ye. Ev mej\u00ee ji ber ku ten\u00ea di mirovan de heye, cih\u00eareng e. Taybetmendiya w\u00ea ya bingeh\u00een abstraksiyon e. Dikare were gotin ku qata s\u00eayem\u00een hem biryar\u00ean ku di qata yekem de hatine girtin, hem j\u00ee ji h\u00eala hest\u00ean di qata duyem\u00een de hatine \u015fekilkirin \u00fb r\u00eavebirin, kontrol dike \u00fb hem j\u00ee \u00eefade dike. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, li gor\u00ee qata yekem, qata s\u00eayem\u00een navendek b\u00eabiryariy\u00ea ye, ne biryardan\u00ea. \u00c7iqas z\u00fbtir biryarek were day\u00een, ewqas mejiy\u00ea nasnamey\u00ee b\u00eabandor dibe.<\/p>\n

Her \u00e7end mejiy\u00ea xezalan di mijar\u00ean gir\u00eeng de proakt\u00eeftir \u00fb serdesttir be j\u00ee, ew ji h\u00eala mejiy\u00ean din ve t\u00ea hevseng kirin. Di war\u00ea diyalekt\u00eeka fonksiyona mej\u00ee de, pergala limb\u00eek, ku wek\u00ee mejiy\u00ea hestyar\u00ee an nav\u00een j\u00ee t\u00ea zan\u00een, rolek kr\u00eet\u00eek dil\u00eeze. Ev mej\u00ee, ku em j\u00ea re dib\u00eajin mejiy\u00ea memikan, bi serbixwe dixebite l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de bi mejiy\u00ea nasnamey\u00ee y\u00ea li jor \u00fb mejiy\u00ea xezalan \u00ea li j\u00ear w\u00ea re di t\u00eakiliy\u00ea de ye. Bi rasttir, ew pergalek t\u00eakil\u00eedariy\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

Mej\u00ee %25\u00ea glukoz\u00ea \u00fb %20\u00ea oks\u00eejena ku t\u00eaxin la\u015f bikar t\u00eene; ew %18\u00ea gera xw\u00een\u00ea diki\u015f\u00eene ser xwe. Li pi\u015ft p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna m\u00eaj\u00ee, ti ajotin an armancek ji bo p\u00ea\u015fxistina h\u00eaza raman\u00ea tune ye. Ajotina bingeh\u00een ew e ku jiyan bidome \u00fb la\u015f zind\u00ee bim\u00eene. Mirov xwed\u00ee d\u00eerokek 500 milyon salan e. L\u00eabel\u00ea, m\u00eajiy\u00ea mirovan 200,000 sal\u00ee ye. Mej\u00ee bi nav\u00een\u00ee 100 milyar neuron dihew\u00eene, ku 80 milyar ji wan di mej\u00ee de, be\u015fa xezal a m\u00eaj\u00ee de ne. Kar\u00ea van neuronan ew e ku may\u00eena la\u015f misoger bikin. Tevgera van 80 milyar neuronan %8\u00ea tevahiya enerjiy\u00ea dixwe. 20 milyar neuron\u00ean ku m\u00eajiy\u00ea raman\u00ea \u00fb pergala limb\u00eek p\u00eak t\u00eenin %17\u00ea enerjiy\u00ea bikar t\u00eenin. Ev enerj\u00ee di milyaran r\u00eay\u00ean ragihandin\u00ea y\u00ean di navbera neuronan de, ku j\u00ea re s\u00eenaps t\u00ea gotin, t\u00ea xerckirin, ku bi riya raman\u00ea t\u00eane \u00e7\u00eakirin.<\/p>\n

Mejiy\u00ea kevin, ku em j\u00ea re dib\u00eajin mejiy\u00ea xezalan, namire, naweste, b\u00eahna xwe nade; ew bi berdewam\u00ee d\u00eenam\u00eek \u00fb \u00e7evik e, her tim di \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ea de ye. Mejiy\u00ea kevin %83 bi r\u00eaya d\u00eetin\u00ea f\u00ear dibe. Ew baweriya xwe bi ti\u015ft\u00ean ku dib\u00eene t\u00eene. Berdewamiya w\u00ea tune ye. Ew bala xwe dide destp\u00eak \u00fb dawiy\u00ea. Ew ti\u015ft\u00ean kurt, h\u00easan \u00fb berbi\u00e7av f\u00ear dibe \u00fb bi b\u00eer t\u00eene. Ew dikare di navbera ti\u015ft\u00ean ku ji bo w\u00ea ba\u015f in \u00fb y\u00ean ku ji bo w\u00ea xirab in de cudah\u00ee bike. Ew di navbera dost \u00fb dijmin de cudah\u00ee dike. Ew aliy\u00ean t\u00eakildar\u00ee jiyan\u00ea, wek\u00ee xwarin, parastin \u00fb hilberandin\u00ea, kontrol dike \u00fb r\u00eave dibe. Xala her\u00ee gir\u00eeng li vir karakter\u00ea xebata mejiy\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

Mejiy\u00ea, m\u00eena zindiyan, pergalek demar\u00ee ye ku di seranser\u00ea d\u00eerok\u00ea de gav bi gav p\u00ea\u015fketiye \u00fb be\u015f\u00ean c\u00fbda hene. L\u00eabel\u00ea, be\u015f\u00ean mejiy\u00ea ku wek\u00ee mejiy\u00ea xezalan, memik \u00fb kogn\u00eet\u00eev t\u00eane veqetandin p\u00eakhatey\u00ean t\u00eakil\u00ee y\u00ean heman pergal\u00ea ne \u00fb li ser bingehek diyalekt\u00eek a t\u00eakil\u00ee bi hev re dixebitin. Mejiyek anal\u00eet\u00eek a ji mejiy\u00ea hestyar\u00ee veqetand\u00ee nay\u00ea xeyal kirin. Tewra ku ew gengaz be j\u00ee, ew nikare mejiy\u00ea mirovan be, ten\u00ea mejiy\u00ea mak\u00eeney\u00ea be. Dibe ku zekaya s\u00fbn\u00ee zekaya hestyar\u00ee tune be. Her \u00e7end hewl t\u00ea day\u00een ku ezm\u00fbn\u00ean p\u00ea\u015fkeftina zekaya s\u00fbn\u00ee werin afirandin ku hest j\u00ee dikarin werin f\u00ear kirin. Bi kurtas\u00ee, di zekaya s\u00fbn\u00ee de, mejiy\u00ea rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ee dikare ji mejiy\u00ea hestyar\u00ee were veqetandin, ku ev jixwe wisa ye. L\u00ea ji bo mirovan mejiyek wisa tune. Mejiy\u00ea mirovan hem ji h\u00eala biyoloj\u00eek\u00ee ve \u00fb hem j\u00ee ji h\u00eala fonksiyonel ve diyalekt\u00eek e.<\/p>\n

Peyva diyalekt\u00eek ji koka peyva “du” t\u00ea, ku wekheviya hejmara du di Kurd\u00ee de ye, ku em \u00eero j\u00ee bikar t\u00eenin. “Du” li Ewropay\u00ea dibe “diya”, koka w\u00ea Aryen e. Dikotomiya tar\u00eet\u00ee-ronah\u00ee di Zerde\u015ftiy\u00ea de j\u00ee bingehek felsef\u00ee ji bo ramana diyalekt\u00eek peyda kir. Ewropay\u00ea ev qeb\u00fbl kirin \u00fb \u00eefadey\u00ean c\u00fbda dan wan. Diyalekt\u00eek di bingeh de ji xwezay\u00ea t\u00ea. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea p\u00eanaseya Engels a “Diyalekt\u00eeka Xwezay\u00ea” h\u00eenker e. Diyalekt\u00eeka civak\u00ee ne serbixwe ye ji diyalekt\u00eeka xwezay\u00ee. Ew diyalekt\u00eekek e ku taybetmendiy\u00ean xwe y\u00ean b\u00eahempa hene l\u00ea bi w\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee p\u00ea\u015f dikeve. Felsefeya Hegel di v\u00ea nuqtey\u00ea de gir\u00eeng e. Di Hegel de, wate, \u00fb ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea civak, derdikeve p\u00ea\u015f. “Fenomenolojiya Ruh” dikare wek\u00ee xweza \u00fb wate were wergerandin \u00fb \u015f\u00eerovekirin.<\/p>\n

Xweza, diyalekt\u00eek, xwed\u00ee karekterek nakok e. Di felsefey\u00ea de, ev t\u00eageh wek\u00ee tez, ant\u00eetez \u00fb sentez t\u00eane \u00eefade kirin. Li cem Hegel, tez \u00fb ant\u00eetez diyalekt\u00eeka xwezay\u00ea tems\u00eel dikin. Hegel v\u00ea term\u00ea bikar t\u00eene, l\u00ea Engels j\u00ea re dib\u00eaje “nakok\u00ee”. Engels heta v\u00ea nakokiy\u00ea, v\u00ea dijberiy\u00ea wek\u00ee “tunekirin\u00ea” fam dike. Bingeha v\u00ea t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena \u00e7\u00een\u00ee, v\u00ea pev\u00e7\u00fbna \u00e7\u00een\u00ee di Marks\u00eezm\u00ea de, li cem Hegel t\u00ea dan\u00een, ku wan wek\u00ee tez \u00fb ant\u00eetez p\u00ea\u015f dixe. Li vir, Marx behsa “nakokiya \u00e7\u00een\u00ee”, “d\u00eerok t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena \u00e7\u00een\u00ee ye” dike. Ev xwed\u00ee wateyek diyarkir\u00ee ye, l\u00ea ew w\u00ea digih\u00eene astek ekstrem. Ev z\u00eadekirin p\u00ea\u015fb\u00eeniya w\u00ee ya proletaryay\u00ea ye ku burjuvaziy\u00ea hilwe\u015f\u00eene. Ji ber v\u00ea sedem\u00ea, ew teoriya xwe li ser d\u00eektatoriya proletaryay\u00ea ava dike. \u00cedealek wisa ya komun\u00eezm\u00ea derdikeve hol\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Li \u015f\u00fbna teoriya ku dib\u00eaje “d\u00eerok t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena \u00e7\u00eenan e”, em \u00ea teoriyek n\u00fb p\u00ea\u015f bixin. Rastkirin an j\u00ee guhertina diyalekt\u00eek ev e: tunekirina \u00e7\u00eenek ji h\u00eala \u00e7\u00eenek din ve di gerd\u00fbn\u00ea an j\u00ee di civak\u00ea de tune ye. Diyalekt\u00eek bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee nay\u00ea \u015f\u00eerovekirin. Stal\u00een bi m\u00eelyonan welatiy\u00ean xwe ku\u015ftin ji ber ku w\u00ee ew bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee \u015f\u00eerove kir. Mao \u015eore\u015fa \u00c7and\u00ee p\u00eak an\u00ee, \u00fb ew j\u00ee t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fb. Ji ber ku ti\u015ftek wusa di xwezay\u00ea an j\u00ee gerd\u00fbn\u00ea de tune ye. Veguher\u00eenek heye, \u00fb ew veguher\u00eenek nakok e. B\u00ea guman, veguher\u00een ten\u00ea bi r\u00eaya nakokiy\u00ea dikare \u00e7\u00eabibe. Veguher\u00een b\u00eay\u00ee nakokiy\u00ea \u00e7\u00eanabe. Pirsgir\u00eaka germ-sar bigirin. Navokek pir germ \u00fb xwezayek pir sar heye. Du tundrewiy\u00ean pir e\u015fkere dijber. \u00c7\u00eerokek navdar a li ser gerd\u00fbn\u00ea, ku t\u00ea gotin ku h\u00een j\u00ee berdewam dike, j\u00ee bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n

N\u00ear\u00eenek heye ku gerd\u00fbn berfireh dibe. Her weha teoriyek heye ku gerd\u00fbn d\u00ea bi sekinandinek mezin, sermayek mezin biqede. Hin dib\u00eajin ku pi\u015ft\u00ee demek diyarkir\u00ee, enerjiya hundur d\u00ea k\u00eam bibe, \u00fb teq\u00eena enerjiy\u00ea ku berfirehb\u00fbn\u00ea gengaz dike d\u00ea raweste. Hin n\u00ear\u00een hene ku dema ku enerjiya qul\u00ean re\u015f xilas dibe, hilwe\u015f\u00eenek berevaj\u00ee \u00e7\u00eadibe, berfirehb\u00fbn raweste, girjb\u00fbn dest p\u00ea dike, \u00fb pi\u00e7\u00fbkb\u00fbn \u00fb hilwe\u015f\u00eenek mezin \u00e7\u00eadibe, m\u00eena serdema ber\u00ee teq\u00eena destp\u00eak\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Mirov dikare bipirse: gelo em qonaxek wusa dij\u00een? \u00c7avd\u00eariy\u00ean gi\u015ft\u00ee destn\u00ee\u015fan dikin ku berfirehb\u00fbn h\u00een j\u00ee berdewam dike. T\u00ea gotin ku p\u00eavajoya hilwe\u015f\u00een\u00ea h\u00een dest p\u00ea nekiriye, l\u00ea dibe ku dest p\u00ea bike. T\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftinek wisa ya gerd\u00fbn\u00ea heye. Her du j\u00ee li ser v\u00ea rastiy\u00ea ne ku madde meyldar\u00ea girjb\u00fbn \u00fb girtin\u00ea ye. Enerj\u00ee, dema ku girj dibe, dibe madde. Ew per\u00e7e di navenda xwe de j\u00ee mezinb\u00fbn\u00ea peyda dike. Her ku sarb\u00fbn belav dibe, per\u00e7ey\u00ean madde bi berdewam\u00ee \u00e7\u00eadibin. \u00db ew per\u00e7e enerjiy\u00ea d\u00fbr dixin. Ji ber ku enerj\u00ee heye, \u00e7avkaniyek mezin \u00e7\u00eadibe. Hin st\u00eark \u00fb galaks\u00ee \u00e7\u00eadibin. V\u00ea car\u00ea, galaks\u00ee dest p\u00ea dikin ku hevdu d\u00fbr bixin. Ev h\u00een nesekiniye. Pirsa sereke li vir ev e: dema ku enerj\u00ee xilas bibe d\u00ea \u00e7i bibe? Bersiv ev e, “Her ti\u015ft d\u00ea biqede, her ti\u015ft d\u00ea winda bibe. Gerd\u00fbnek mezin \u00fb sar d\u00ea were afirandin.” Berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, em \u00ea bib\u00eajin: heke ti\u015ftek wusa rast b\u00fbya, ew \u00ea heya niha qewim\u00eeba. Eger \u00eeht\u00eemaleke wisa heb\u00fbya, niha gerd\u00fbneke wisa tuneb\u00fbya. Eger em niha di gerd\u00fbneke wisa de bij\u00een, dibe ku teoriya hilwe\u015f\u00een\u00ea \u00fb teoriya berfirehb\u00fbn\u00ea werin f\u00eamkirin. L\u00ea eger teoriya B\u00ea\u00e7alakiya Mezin rast b\u00fbya, ber\u00ea heb\u00fbneke p\u00ea\u015fwext heb\u00fbya, \u00fb ev b\u00ea\u00e7alak\u00ee dikarib\u00fb di qonaxeke diyarkir\u00ee ya w\u00ea heb\u00fbn\u00ea de \u00e7\u00eabibe. Ger b\u00ea\u00e7alak\u00eeyeke wisa gengaz b\u00fbya, ew \u00ea ber\u00ea qewim\u00eeba. \u00db em tuneb\u00fbn, roja me tuneb\u00fbya, zindiy\u00ean zind\u00ee tuneb\u00fbn. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, dema ku meriv v\u00ea prens\u00eeba p\u00ea\u015fwextb\u00fbn\u00ea bihesib\u00eene, div\u00ea xelet be. Berfirehb\u00fbn dikare were hesibandin, ki\u015fandin \u00fb hilwe\u015f\u00een j\u00ee gengaz in, l\u00ea ev tez pir ba\u015f nehatiye \u00eespatkirin.<\/p>\n

Bi kurtas\u00ee, ev n\u00eev-teor\u00ee ne. Ti\u015ftek t\u00ea ravekirin, l\u00ea dibe ku gerd\u00fbn ne wisa be. Bi rast\u00ee, t\u00eageh\u00ean “maddeya tar\u00ee” \u00fb “enerjiya tar\u00ee” hene. Maddeya tar\u00ee \u00fb enerjiya tar\u00ee ew in ku galaksiyan bi hev re digirin. Ew \u00e7i ne nay\u00ea zan\u00een. Ti\u015ftek din t\u00ea gotin; ev gerd\u00fbna xuya %6 e, gerd\u00fbna ned\u00eet\u00ee %94 e. \u00db ew enerjiya tar\u00ee \u00fb madeya tar\u00ee ye. Kes h\u00een nekariye w\u00ea p\u00eanase bike. Van p\u00ea\u015fketinan e\u015fkere kiriye ku n\u00ear\u00eena c\u00eehan\u00ea ya materyal\u00eest \u00fb t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftin\u00ean hey\u00ee y\u00ean gerd\u00fbn\u00ea nikarin her ti\u015ft\u00ee rave bikin. E\u015fkere ye ku b\u00eatir raman hewce ye. Her ku l\u00eakol\u00een p\u00ea\u015fve di\u00e7e, t\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fb\u00een\u00eekirin ku raz\u00ean n\u00fb xwe e\u015fkere bikin. Per\u00e7eya her\u00ee pi\u00e7\u00fbk a ku derdikeve hol\u00ea dikare her ti\u015ft\u00ee bi wate bike. Derketina hol\u00ea ya ewqas perspekt\u00eefan ramana tij\u00ee sir te\u015fw\u00eeq dike. Werin em b\u00eay\u00ee ku ji h\u00eala dogmayan ve werin kolekirin, berdewam bikin ku bifikirin.<\/p>\n

Ti\u015ft\u00ea ku mirovb\u00fbn\u00ea gengaz dike, mejiy\u00ea anal\u00eet\u00eek \u00ea ku dikare abstraksiyon\u00ea bike ye. Mirovb\u00fbn an civak\u00eeb\u00fbn bi riya wateya ku ji h\u00eala mejiy\u00ea anal\u00eet\u00eek ve t\u00ea hilberandin heb\u00fbn\u00ea bi dest dixe. Werin em bala xwe bidin\u00ea ku xweza heb\u00fbnek zind\u00ee ye, ku bi berdewam\u00ee bi afirandina diyalekt\u00eek n\u00fb dibe \u00fb c\u00fbrbec\u00fbr dibe. Ev herik\u00een dir\u00eaj dibe heta p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna biyoloj\u00eek a mirovan \u00fb \u015fekildana avahiya m\u00eaj\u00ee. Mirov, wek\u00ee berhemek v\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea, hewl dide ku xwe bi zivir\u00eena xwe ber bi xwezay\u00ea \u00fb l\u00eakol\u00eena diyalekt\u00eeka w\u00ea ve nas bike \u00fb f\u00eam bike. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, ma em nikarin mirovahiy\u00ea wek\u00ee rew\u015fa xwe-reflekskirina xwezay\u00ea p\u00eanase bikin? Wate faktora damezr\u00eener, bingeha ontoloj\u00eek a civakb\u00fbn\u00ea ye. Wate, ber\u00ee her ti\u015ft\u00ee, behsa diyardeyek\u00ea dike. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, ew heb\u00fbn\u00ea hewce dike.<\/p>\n

Ji destp\u00eaka ramana felsef\u00ee ve, heb\u00fbn mijarek n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ea ya domdar b\u00fbye. Ti\u015ft\u00ean ku hene, heb\u00fbn \u00e7i ye, gelo heb\u00fbn dikare wek\u00ee kiryarek were d\u00eetin, em \u00e7awa dikarin bib\u00eajin ku ti\u015ftek heye? Ev n\u00eeqa\u015fek e ku li dora pirs\u00ean mezin \u00ean ku di\u015fibin hev h\u00easan l\u00ea di rastiy\u00ea de pir tevlihev \u00fb di\u015fibin hev dizivire. Ev n\u00eeqa\u015f di f\u00eelozof\u00ean ekz\u00eestansiyal\u00eest de, nemaze Heidegger, k\u00fbrahiyek k\u00fbr digire. F\u00eelozof\u00ean wek\u00ee Leibniz, Bergson \u00fb Deleuze j\u00ee bi anal\u00eez\u00ean xwe y\u00ean \u015fore\u015fger di felsefeya b\u00fby\u00een\u00ea de derdikevin p\u00ea\u015f.<\/p>\n

Bi heman away\u00ee, \u00fb dibe ku h\u00een b\u00eatir, t\u00eageha watey\u00ea yek ji mijar\u00ean her\u00ee dijwar \u00ean n\u00eeqa\u015fa felsef\u00ee b\u00fbye. Her \u00e7end gelek faktor t\u00eageha watey\u00ea tevlihev dikin j\u00ee, t\u00eakiliya di navbera rast\u00ee \u00fb watey\u00ea de gir\u00eeng e. Ji ber ku t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftin di navbera rast\u00ee \u00fb watey\u00ea de heye, \u00fb t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftin potansiyela xirabkirina rastiy\u00ea hildigire. Em li ser rastiyan, ku em dikarin wan wek\u00ee rastiyan j\u00ee bi nav bikin, bi r\u00eaya t\u00eageh \u00fb ziman difikirin. L\u00eabel\u00ea, ti\u015ft\u00ea ku em bi r\u00eaya t\u00eagehan diyar dikin dibe ku tevahiya rastiy\u00ea negire nav xwe, l\u00ea dibe ku bi awayek\u00ee ku rast\u00ee bi xwe ji me re p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f bike ve s\u00eenordar be. \u00db pir caran, ew s\u00eenordar dim\u00eene. Wek\u00ee din, her ti\u015ft di her k\u00ealiy\u00ea de diguhere, vediguhere \u00fb xwe n\u00fb dike. Ev yek di navbera rastiya diyardey\u00ea \u00fb t\u00eageha ku hewl dide w\u00ea \u00eefade bike de d\u00fbrb\u00fbnek diafir\u00eene. \u00db ev \u00e7erx berdewam dike.<\/p>\n

Tev\u00ee van \u00fb zehmetiy\u00ean bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee, ji bil\u00ee abstraktkirin \u00fb t\u00eag\u00eenkirina rastiy\u00ea bi r\u00eaya t\u00eagehan, r\u00eayek ji bo hilberandina watey\u00ea tune. L\u00eabel\u00ea, hi\u015fmendiya t\u00eakiliya di navbera t\u00eageh, wate \u00fb rastiy\u00ea de j\u00ee pir gir\u00eeng \u00fb p\u00eaw\u00eest e. Wek\u00ee din, t\u00eageh dikarin me ji rast\u00ee \u00fb watey\u00ea d\u00fbr bixin. Wate, di encam\u00ea de, h\u00eamana bingeh\u00een a civak\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

Wateya xwezay\u00ea di diyalekt\u00eeka w\u00ea de ye, l\u00ea em bi ‘watey\u00ea’ mebesta mutleqiy\u00ea nakin. T\u00eagehek abor\u00ee heye ku j\u00ea re “koef\u00eesyenta Gini” t\u00ea gotin. Ew behsa nirxek di navbera “0” \u00fb “1” de dike. Dema ku n\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ee “0” dibe, wekheviya mutleq \u00fb dema ku n\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ee “1” dibe, newekheviya mutleq derdikeve hol\u00ea. Ne “0” ya mutleq \u00fb ne j\u00ee “1” ya mutleq ne mimkun e. “1” \u00fb “0” t\u00eageh\u00ean virtual in. Wateya mutleq, geist ya mutleq, an b\u00eawateya mutleq dikarin werin fikir\u00een, l\u00ea nay\u00ean p\u00eakan\u00een. T\u00eageh\u00ean “1” \u00fb “0” v\u00ea yek\u00ea diyar dikin.<\/p>\n

Di f\u00eez\u00eeka k\u00fbant\u00fbm\u00ea de, prens\u00eebek heye ku j\u00ea re ‘prens\u00eeba nezelaliy\u00ea’ t\u00ea gotin. Taybetmendiya v\u00ea prens\u00eeb\u00ea ew e ku heke h\u00fbn leza ti\u015ftek\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee rast bizanibin, h\u00fbn nikarin cih\u00ea w\u00ea bizanibin; heke h\u00fbn cih\u00ea w\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee rast bizanibin, h\u00fbn nikarin leza w\u00ea bizanibin. P\u00eevandina lez\u00ea bandor\u00ea li cih\u00ea ti\u015ftek\u00ee dike. Berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea j\u00ee rast e. Ti\u015ftek wek\u00ee zan\u00eena mutleq, \u00fb ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, wateya mutleq tune ye. Zan\u00een bi nezan\u00een\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Li cih\u00ea ku zan\u00een hebe, nezelal\u00ee j\u00ee heye. Heke h\u00fbn ti\u015ftek\u00ee bizanibin, h\u00fbn nekarin ti\u015ftek\u00ee din bizanibin. Jiyana mutleq \u00fb mirina mutleq tune ye. Ezm\u00fbna pis\u00eeka Schr\u00f6dinger a navdar m\u00eenakek v\u00ea yek\u00ea ye. Ev ceribandin \u00e7i n\u00fbjeniy\u00ea t\u00eene mentiq\u00ea? Ji bo pirsa “Pis\u00eeka di qutiy\u00ea de sax e an mir\u00ee ye?”, mirov nikare bi ten\u00ea bib\u00eaje, “Ew an mir\u00ee ye an j\u00ee sax e.” Bersiva rast “Ew hem sax e \u00fb hem j\u00ee mir\u00ee ye.” Jiyan mirin\u00ea p\u00eaw\u00eest dike, \u00fb mirin j\u00ee jiyan\u00ea p\u00eaw\u00eest dike. Li cih\u00ea ku mirin hebe, jiyan j\u00ee heye, \u00fb li cih\u00ea ku jiyan hebe, mirin j\u00ee heye. Her ti\u015ft\u00ea ku di gerd\u00fbn\u00ea de diqewime li gor\u00ee v\u00ea prens\u00eeba “hem-\u00fb” diqewime. Perspekt\u00eefeke paradoksal a li ser bingeha prens\u00eeba “hem-\u00fb”, li \u015f\u00fbna n\u00eaz\u00eekatiya “yan-an”, b\u00eatir n\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ee rastiy\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

Wek\u00ee ku me di m\u00eenaka pirhejmariya Gini de destn\u00ee\u015fan kir, di bingeh de, l\u00eager\u00eena wekheviya mutleq t\u00ea wateya l\u00eager\u00eena sekinandina mutleq. Wekheviya mutleq \u015fibandina mutlaq\u00ea ye. Di wekheviya mutleq de, gerd\u00fbn b\u00eadeng radiweste, jiyan tune. Gerd\u00fbn di tevger\u00ea de ye, berfireh dibe \u00fb fireh dibe. Gelo sedema berfirehb\u00fbna w\u00ea meyla ber bi c\u00fbdab\u00fbn\u00ea ve dibe? Per\u00e7e bi teq\u00eenek enerjiy\u00ea ya komkir\u00ee \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbne. Roja me yek ji m\u00eelyonan st\u00earkan e. Ji gerst\u00eark\u00ean di pergala roj\u00ea de, ten\u00ea Erd\u00ea jiyan heye. Ev jiyan ji \u015faneyek pi\u00e7\u00fbk derketiye hol\u00ea, \u00fb v\u00ea \u015faneya pi\u00e7\u00fbk bi m\u00eelyonan zindiyan derxistiye hol\u00ea. Bi m\u00eelyonan cure di nav jiyana nebat \u00fb ajalan de \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbne. Mirov yek ji van cureyan e. C\u00fbdah\u00ee heye. D\u00eenam\u00eekek heye ku c\u00fbdab\u00fbn\u00ea ferz dike. C\u00fbdah\u00ee t\u00ea wateya cureb\u00fbn\u00ea. Her cure dibe sedema curey\u00ean n\u00fb. Diyalekt\u00eeka di gerd\u00fbn\u00ea de ye ku van hem\u00fbyan gengaz dike. Div\u00ea c\u00fbdah\u00ee hebe; b\u00eay\u00ee c\u00fbdah\u00ee, p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn an jiyan tune. Ji bo ku p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn \u00e7\u00eabibe, div\u00ea c\u00fbdah\u00ee hebe. Gerd\u00fbn ten\u00ea bi r\u00eaya c\u00fbdab\u00fbn\u00ea dikare hebe; berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea nay\u00ea xeyal kirin.<\/p>\n

2- DIYALEKT\u00ceKA T\u00caKIL\u00ce<\/p>\n

S\u00ea t\u00eageh\u00ean bingeh\u00een di t\u00eakiliya di navbera xweza \u00fb watey\u00ea de derdikevin p\u00ea\u015f: diyalekt\u00eeka xwezay\u00ea, p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna biyoloj\u00eek \u00fb raman. Ji bo t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina xwezay\u00ea, p\u00eadiv\u00ee ye ku Teq\u00eena Mezin, hem ber\u00ee \u00fb hem j\u00ee pi\u015ft\u00ee w\u00ea, were f\u00eamkirin. B\u00ea guman, ti\u015ft\u00ea her\u00ee gir\u00eeng raman e. Raman bi m\u00eaj\u00ee ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Di quncikek\u00ee m\u00eaj\u00ee de \u00e7alakiyek elektr\u00eek\u00ee heye, \u00fb ew heta hestan j\u00ee r\u00eave dibe. Hest t\u00ea wateya zind\u00eetiy\u00ea. Raman \u00fb zind\u00eet\u00ee bi hev ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ne. Y\u00ean ku hestyar in, fikir\u00een in. Y\u00ean ku fikir\u00een, hestyar in. Mimkun e ku t\u00eakiliya di navbera hest \u00fb raman\u00ea de were f\u00eamkirin. L\u00eabel\u00ea, d\u00eetinek diyarker a xwezaya w\u00ea h\u00een nehatiye \u00e7\u00eakirin. Ew m\u00eena \u00eefadeyek hinek\u00ee sirr\u00ee xuya dike. P\u00eadiv\u00ee ye ku meriv li ser van siran bisekine. Ev ji bo mirov\u00ean ol\u00ee, zanyar \u00fb f\u00eelozofan gir\u00eeng e. Div\u00ea mirov\u00ean ol\u00ee, zanyar \u00fb f\u00eelozof\u00ean xwed\u00ee bawer\u00ee van sir\u00ean mezin fam bikin \u00fb e\u015fkere bikin. Div\u00ea mirov her gav ji xwe bipirsin, “Ez \u00e7awa dikarim van ti\u015ftan fam bikim?” \u00fb li ser wan bifikirin. Dibe ku ravekirinek b\u00eak\u00eamas\u00ee tune be, l\u00ea ew dikare bibe sedema t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina k\u00fbrahiy\u00ean rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ee \u00fb giyan\u00ee. Bi k\u00eaman\u00ee, ev dikare r\u00ea li ber raman\u00ean materyal\u00eest \u00ean xav \u00fb dogmay\u00ean ol\u00ee y\u00ean b\u00earehm bigire ku mirovahiy\u00ea asteng bikin \u00fb ramana w\u00ea seqet bikin. Ev encamek pir h\u00eaja ye. Ger made an ol mirovek\u00ee t\u00ear neke, w\u00ea hing\u00ea xebata nav van qad\u00ean m\u00eest\u00eek ti\u015ft\u00ea her\u00ee h\u00eaja ye. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea div\u00ea em v\u00ea yek\u00ea wek\u00ee prens\u00eebek di ser\u00ea rojeva xwe de bi cih bikin, \u00fb div\u00ea nirxa w\u00ea were f\u00eam kirin. Mimkun e ku ji bo “xwe \u00fb y\u00ean din” gotarek wisa were p\u00ea\u015fxistin. Li vir, em tevahiya gerd\u00fbn\u00ea, xwezay\u00ea, heta her ti\u015ft\u00ee j\u00ee, wek\u00ee “y\u00ean din” bi nav dikin. Avab\u00fbna xwe li vir h\u00eajay\u00ee l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea ye. Ji ber ku Frens\u00ee pir zanist\u00ee ne, wan t\u00eagehek wusa ya “xwe” \u00fb “mijar\u00ea” p\u00ea\u015fxistine. Descartes mijar\u00ea wek\u00ee bingeh digire. Pa\u015f\u00ea, zanistperestiya Frans\u00ee ev yek bir felsefey\u00ea. Mijar ne ten\u00ea bi mirovan ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Mijar t\u00eagehek gelemper\u00eetir e. Dema ku c\u00eehanek rastiyan an diyardeyan t\u00ea nirxandin, mijar t\u00eagehek n\u00eaz\u00eektir enerjiy\u00ea ye. Mijar, “xwe”, t\u00eagehek e ku ji h\u00eala enerjiy\u00ea ve gengaz dibe; aliy\u00ea enerjiy\u00ea serdest e. Ji h\u00eala din ve, “y\u00ea din”, bi giran\u00ee bi xwezay\u00ea, aliy\u00ea mad\u00ee, aliy\u00ea rast\u00een ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Dema ku em v\u00ea yek\u00ea dat\u00eenin asta mirov\u00ee, encam derdikeve hol\u00ea: Kes an mijara her\u00ee \u00e7alak, ya ku xwed\u00ee ‘xwe’yek bih\u00eaz e, mijarek bih\u00eaz e, dibe r\u00eaber. R\u00eaber dibe civak, r\u00eaber dibe neteweyek, r\u00eaber dibe \u00e7\u00een, r\u00eaber dibe par\u00eazgar. Ev hem\u00fb dikarin bikevin kategoriya mijar\u00ea. Ev j\u00ee bi enerj\u00ee \u00fb watey\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea \u015f\u00eerovekirinek c\u00fbda ye. Diyalekt\u00eeka xweza \u00fb watey\u00ea m\u00eena \u015f\u00eerovekirinek frans\u00ee ye. Di v\u00ea rew\u015fa b\u00fby\u00een\u00ea de, prens\u00eeba ki\u015fandin\u00ea dikeve dewr\u00ea. Di atom\u00ea de, c\u00fbdahiyek di navbera h\u00eaz\u00ean qels \u00fb bih\u00eaz de heye. C\u00eehana atom\u00ee ji h\u00eala van her du h\u00eazan ve t\u00ea r\u00eavebirin. R\u00eazika ki\u015fandin\u00ea ki\u015fandinek e ku di navbera molekulan de p\u00ea\u015f dikeve. Ti\u015ft\u00ea ku em j\u00ea re dib\u00eajin t\u00eakil\u00ee ev \u00e7\u00eeroka dan\u00fbstandin\u00ea ye; veguher\u00eena ji enerjiy\u00ea bo madey\u00ea. Ev di ps\u00eekolojiy\u00ea de t\u00ea ravekirin, \u00fb tewra di sosyolojiy\u00ea de j\u00ee, ew dir\u00eaj\u00ee xwezaya civak\u00ee dike. Xwezayek s\u00eayem\u00een j\u00ee t\u00ea vegotin. L\u00ea ev hem\u00fb encama v\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea ye. Ti\u015ft\u00ea ku j\u00ea re diyalekt\u00eek t\u00ea gotin gir\u00eadanek e. Bi rast\u00ee, yek\u00eetiya gerd\u00fbn\u00ee b\u00eay\u00ee gir\u00eadanan nikare hebe. Tu per\u00e7eyek gerd\u00fbn\u00ea ji ya din serbixwe n\u00eene. Ji v\u00ea re prens\u00eeba tevliheviy\u00ea t\u00ea gotin. Her guhertinek di per\u00e7eyek pir bi\u00e7\u00fbk de, li ku der\u00ea gerd\u00fbn\u00ea be j\u00ee, xwe bi heman away\u00ee li dawiya din a gerd\u00fbn\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan dide. Ev hinek\u00ee wateya yek\u00eetiya Xwed\u00ea, yek\u00eetiya Xwed\u00ea ye. Her ti\u015ft li wir yek dibe, dibe yek \u00fb \u00eelah\u00ee ye. Ew bi hev ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ne, \u00fb t\u00eakiliya di gerd\u00fbn\u00ea de bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee ye. Gotina ku Xwed\u00ea bingeha her ti\u015ft\u00ee ye j\u00ee di v\u00ea watey\u00ea de ye. Per\u00e7eyek pir bi\u00e7\u00fbk bandor\u00ea li her ti\u015ft\u00ee dike. Prens\u00eeba tevliheviy\u00ea mantiq\u00ee ye. Hem\u00fb p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean di m\u00eaj\u00ee de diyalekt\u00eek in. Ev navenda kontrol\u00ea ya di \u015faneya m\u00eaj\u00ee de, hem\u00fb hest, d\u00eetin, destdan \u00fb her ti\u015ft\u00ea din, bi sensora di v\u00ea \u015faney\u00ea de ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ne, ku j\u00ea re “dendrite” t\u00ea gotin. Ew bi hev ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ne. Ew gir\u00eadanek e, t\u00eakiliyek e. Fikra ‘per\u00e7eyek yekane’ her \u00e7i dibe bila bibe xelet e. Gerd\u00fbnek wusa tune ku di fezaya serbixwe de diherike. Tewra per\u00e7eyek j\u00ee tune ku bi y\u00ean din ve ne gir\u00eaday\u00ee be. Xweza zind\u00ee ye. Guhertin \u00fb veguher\u00een, p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbnek domdar heye. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea ziman\u00ea xebata xwezay\u00ea \u00e7i ye? \u00c7i dikare were gotin li ser rast\u00ee \u00fb karakter\u00ea diyardey\u00ean ku di encama guher\u00een \u00fb veguher\u00een\u00ea de p\u00ea\u015f dikevin? Bi guhdar\u00eekirina ziman\u00ea xwezay\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7avd\u00eariya r\u00ea\u00e7a p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna w\u00ea, her ku di\u00e7e zelaltir dibe ku karakter\u00ea t\u00eakil\u00eedar \u00ea rew\u015fa b\u00fby\u00een\u00ea pir gir\u00eeng e. P\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna gerd\u00fbn\u00ea li ser bingeha cih\u00earengkirin \u00fb cureb\u00fbn\u00ea j\u00ee bi v\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Her ku cureb\u00fbn p\u00ea\u015f dikeve, \u00eemkan\u00ean dewlemendtir ji bo t\u00eakiliyan derdikevin hol\u00ea, bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee diyalekt\u00eeka jiyan \u00fb p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea leztir dibe. Her ku ev diyalekt\u00eek leztir dibe, cureb\u00fbn b\u00eatir p\u00ea\u015f dikeve, dibe sedema avakirina pergal\u00ean n\u00fb \u00fb tevlihevtir. F\u00eez\u00eeka kuantum\u00ea \u00fb teorem\u00ean kaos\u00ea roleke \u00e7avvekir\u00ee l\u00eestine \u00fb dil\u00eezin da ku al\u00eekariya me bikin ku em v\u00ea karakter\u00ea rastiy\u00ea bib\u00eenin \u00fb f\u00eam bikin. Ji tevger\u00ean per\u00e7ey\u00ean subatom\u00ee bigire heya veguheztin\u00ean ji atoman berbi avahiy\u00ean molekul\u00ee, hem\u00ee b\u00fbyer\u00ean di gerd\u00fbn \u00fb xwezay\u00ea de li ser bingeha t\u00eakil\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbne. L\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean daw\u00ee di war\u00ea biyoloj\u00eek de, ku me bi kurtas\u00ee behs kir, e\u015fkere kirine ku r\u00eazkirin \u00fb avahiya \u015faneyan, \u00fb ya gir\u00eengtir, heb\u00fbna domdar a jiyana \u015faney\u00ea, bi t\u00eakil\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, t\u00eakil\u00eeb\u00fbn ne ten\u00ea di gerd\u00fbna f\u00eez\u00eek\u00ee an xwezay\u00ea de heye.<\/p>\n

Ev ne ten\u00ea di xwezay\u00ea de, l\u00ea di war\u00ean biyoloj\u00eek \u00fb civak\u00ee de j\u00ee taybetmendiyek e. Gir\u00eeng e ku were zan\u00een ku dema em behsa t\u00eakil\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea dikin, em ji ramana diyalekt\u00eek xatir naxwaz\u00ee. Berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, ti\u015ft\u00ea ku em j\u00ea re dib\u00eajin diyalekt\u00eeka t\u00eakil\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea formulasyonek e ku s\u00eenorkirin\u00ean t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina diyalekt\u00eek a klas\u00eek bi paralel\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean zanist\u00ee \u00fb felsef\u00ee y\u00ean n\u00fb derbas dike. Bi gotineke din, ew diyalekt\u00eekek k\u00fbrtir e. Ji ber ku ziman\u00ea xwezay\u00ea, gerd\u00fbn\u00ea \u00fb civak\u00ea t\u00eakil\u00eeb\u00fbn e, div\u00ea perspekt\u00eef, anal\u00eez \u00fb \u015f\u00eawaza nirxandin\u00ea li gor\u00ee w\u00ea were sererast kirin \u00fb ji n\u00fb ve were nirxandin. P\u00eanas\u00eena diyardeyek bi awayek\u00ee t\u00eakil\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea hewce dike ku her celeb anal\u00eeza w\u00ea div\u00ea v\u00ea karakter\u00ea li ber \u00e7avan bigire. Ji ber ku heke diyardeyek t\u00eakil\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea be, t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina rastiya w\u00ea hewce dike ku mijar\u00ean ku di t\u00eakiliy\u00ea de ne \u00fb t\u00eakiliya di navbera wan de bib\u00eenin. Ev n\u00eaz\u00eekatiya metodoloj\u00eek, ku dest\u00fbr\u00ea dide t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftinek k\u00fbr a diyardey\u00ea, ne li encama day\u00ee an aliyek\u00ee yekane y\u00ea diyardey\u00ea, l\u00ea li p\u00eakhatey\u00ean w\u00ea din\u00eare. Perspekt\u00eef \u00fb anal\u00eeza t\u00eakil\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea li ser t\u00eakiliy\u00ea disekinin. T\u00eakil\u00ee \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyek e ku ji h\u00eala t\u00eakiliya p\u00eakhatey\u00ean c\u00fbda ve \u00e7\u00eadibe, \u00fb t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina w\u00ea hewce dike ku rola mijar\u00ean ku di t\u00eakiliy\u00ea de ne were d\u00eetin. Ev perspekt\u00eef \u00fb \u015f\u00eawaza anal\u00eez\u00ea dikare wek\u00ee perspekt\u00eefeke kontekst\u00ee j\u00ee were p\u00eanasekirin. T\u00eakil\u00ee kontekstek e. Di anal\u00eeza kontekst\u00ee de, kontekst gi\u015ft\u00ee tems\u00eel dike, l\u00ea faktor \u00fb p\u00eakhatey\u00ean ku kontekst\u00ea p\u00eak t\u00eenin taybetmendiy\u00ean takekes\u00ee tems\u00eel dikin. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, anal\u00eeza kontekst\u00ee di heman dem\u00ea de diyalekt\u00eeka taybet\u00ee-gerd\u00fbn\u00ee j\u00ee dihew\u00eene. Her p\u00eakhate di t\u00eakiliya bi kontekst\u00ea re wek\u00ee taybet\u00ee t\u00ea nirxandin. Li gor\u00ee v\u00ea perspekt\u00eef\u00ea, her p\u00eakhate hem bandor\u00ea li kontekst\u00ea dike \u00fb hem j\u00ee ji h\u00eala w\u00ea ve t\u00ea bandorkirin. Diyalekt\u00eeka guhertin\u00ea ne yekal\u00ee ye \u00fb nikare bibe. Perspekt\u00eefa t\u00eakil\u00ee \u00fb kontekst\u00ee \u00fb \u015f\u00eawaza anal\u00eez\u00ea xwed\u00ee pa\u015fxaneyek felsef\u00ee ye ku ji cudahiya mijar-objey\u00ea ya klas\u00eek derbas dibe, ku li ser bingehek dual\u00eest ji h\u00eala felsefey\u00ean n\u00fbjen ve hat\u00ee damezrandin. Ji ber ku her p\u00eakhateyek ku bandor\u00ea li t\u00eakiliy\u00ea dike di heman dem\u00ea de hem mijar \u00fb hem j\u00ee objeya kontekst\u00ea ye. Bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee, s\u00eenorkirin\u00ean perspekt\u00eef\u00ean diyalekt\u00eek \u00ean li ser nakokiya ku hev\u00fbdu tune dike t\u00eane derbas kirin.<\/p>\n

3- MIROV<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00eanasekirina mirov perspekt\u00eefa diyalekt\u00eek a t\u00eakil\u00ee \u00fb \u015f\u00eawaza anal\u00eeza gir\u00eaday\u00eeniy\u00ea \u00e7\u00eatir\u00een nim\u00fbne dike. P\u00eanaseya mirov di heman dem\u00ea de n\u00ee\u015fana her\u00ee ba\u015f, qaxiza turnosol, ya c\u00eehan\u00ee ya felsef\u00ee \u00fb \u00eedeoloj\u00eek a pejirand\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n

Werin em bala xwe bidin\u00ea; n\u00ear\u00eena c\u00eehan\u00ee ya \u00eedeal\u00eest mirov bi riya ramanan p\u00eanase dike. C\u00eehana c\u00eehan\u00ee ya materyal\u00eest w\u00ea bi riya madey\u00ea p\u00eanase dike. L\u00eabel\u00ea, mirov ne ten\u00ea dikare bi heb\u00fbna madd\u00ee \u00fb ne j\u00ee, bi awayek\u00ee \u00eedeal\u00eest, bi heb\u00fbna giyan\u00ee were k\u00eam kirin. Ya gir\u00eengtir, mirov nikare wek\u00ee avahiyek ku ji berhevoka aliy\u00ean xwe y\u00ean madd\u00ee \u00fb giyan\u00ee p\u00eak t\u00ea were p\u00eanase kirin. Perspekt\u00eefa ku mirov wek\u00ee berhevoka heb\u00fbn\u00ean madd\u00ee \u00fb giyan\u00ee dib\u00eene, di bingeh de perspekt\u00eefek mekan\u00eek\u00ee ye ku hewl dide ku s\u00eenor\u00ean perspekt\u00eef\u00ean hem \u00eedeal\u00eest \u00fb hem j\u00ee materyal\u00eest derbas bike. Ev p\u00eanase hem n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean \u00eedeal\u00eest \u00fb hem j\u00ee materyal\u00eest qeb\u00fbl dike \u00fb ji berhevoka wan a mekan\u00eek\u00ee digih\u00eeje encamek\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Perspekt\u00eefa diyalekt\u00eek a t\u00eakil\u00ee an anal\u00eeza kontekstual\u00ee dema ku mirov p\u00eanase dike, aliy\u00ean madd\u00ee \u00fb giyan\u00ee ji hev cuda nake. Perspekt\u00eef dest\u00fbr\u00ea nade veqetandin\u00ea. Ti\u015ft\u00ea ku nay\u00ea veqetandin j\u00ee nikare li hev were z\u00eadekirin. Mirov heb\u00fbnek b\u00eahempa ye ku hem aliy\u00ean madd\u00ee \u00fb hem j\u00ee giyan\u00ee hene; L\u00eabel\u00ea, ruhan\u00eeyeta mirovan encama p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna heb\u00fbna w\u00ea ya mad\u00ee ye, bi gelemper\u00ee, pergala w\u00ea ya rehikan, m\u00eaj\u00ee \u00fb kapas\u00eeteya w\u00ea ya ji bo \u00e7\u00eakirina watey\u00ea ye. Bi heman away\u00ee, dema ku mirov c\u00eehanek watey\u00ea diafir\u00eenin \u00fb ruhan\u00eeyeta xwe p\u00ea\u015f dixin, heb\u00fbna wan a mad\u00ee j\u00ee diguhere \u00fb ji n\u00fb ve diguhere. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, aliy\u00ea mad\u00ee y\u00ea mirovan j\u00ee di bin bandora \u015fekildana aliy\u00ea wan \u00ea manew\u00ee de ye.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

F\u00eez\u00eeka kuantum\u00ea xwezaya rastiy\u00ea wek\u00ee “madde \u00fb ne-madde” p\u00eanase dike. Bi gotineke din, xwezaya rastiy\u00ea madde \u00fb ne-madde ye, \u00fb ev p\u00eakhatey\u00ean neqetand\u00ee y\u00ean heman rastiy\u00ea ne. M\u00eena v\u00ea t\u00eakiliy\u00ea, mirov avahiyek e ku ji t\u00eakiliya mad\u00ee \u00fb manew\u00ee p\u00eak t\u00ea. Ev ne berhevokek mekan\u00eek\u00ee ye, l\u00ea aliy\u00ean c\u00fbda y\u00ean rastiy\u00ea di nav hev de ne, hevdu hildiber\u00eenin \u00fb diafir\u00eenin. Wate ten\u00ea li cih\u00ea ku b\u00eawate hebe mimkun e. Li cih\u00ea ku b\u00eawate tune be, wate tune. Wate li gor\u00ee b\u00eawatey\u00ea t\u00ea p\u00eevandin. Pirsgir\u00eaka Kurd j\u00ee wiha ye. B\u00eawateya mezin di pirsgir\u00eaka Kurd de b\u00fbye sedema hilber\u00eena mezin a watey\u00ea ji h\u00eala R\u00eaber Abdullah \u00d6calan ve. Ji ber ku b\u00eawateb\u00fbnek mezin heb\u00fb, perdeyek, nezelaliyek, wateyek mezin hat hilberandin, \u00fb perdeya b\u00eawateb\u00fbn\u00ea hat \u00e7irandin. Di d\u00eerok\u00ea de \u00fb niha de, hem\u00ee nezelal\u00ee hatine par\u00e7ekirin, ku di encam\u00ea de teq\u00eenek mezin a watey\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye. Ti\u015ft\u00ea ku em \u00eero dij\u00een, aliyek\u00ee n\u00fb y\u00ea v\u00ea teq\u00eena watey\u00ea ye. Ji h\u00eala felsef\u00ee ve, t\u00eageh\u00ean “xwe” \u00fb “y\u00ea din” di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya \u00eedeolojiya Frans\u00ee de ne. B\u00ea guman, p\u00eanasekirina wan gir\u00eeng e. Be\u015fdariya ku dikare li vir were kirin bi p\u00ea\u015fxistina \u015f\u00eerovekirinek hem xwezay\u00ea \u00fb hem j\u00ee diyalekt\u00eek\u00ea li ser bingeha zanist\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Bi k\u00eam\u00ee ve du sed sal derbas b\u00fbne, \u00fb di v\u00ee war\u00ee de p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbnek mezin a zanist\u00ee \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye. Teoriya r\u00ealat\u00eev\u00eetey\u00ea \u00fb teoriya kuantum\u00ea heye. \u00db veguher\u00eenek mezin a zanist\u00ee di biyoloj\u00ee \u00fb k\u00eemyay\u00ea de heye. B\u00ea guman, di zanist\u00ean civak\u00ee de j\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbnek mezin \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye. Xebat\u00ean Hegel \u00ean li ser “Xweza \u00fb Wate” \u00fb “Fenomenolojiya Ruh” h\u00een j\u00ee t\u00eakildar in. Hegel ne f\u00eelozofek\u00ee ber\u00ea ye. Ev \u00e7awa dikare li ser teolojiya \u00ceslam\u00ee were sepandin? Gelo teolojiya \u00ceslam\u00ee \u00fb ti\u015ft\u00ea ku em j\u00ea re fenomenolojiya ruh dib\u00eajin paralelek \u00eefade dikin? Wateya ku P\u00eaxember Muhemmed da bingeha felsefeya \u00ceslam\u00ee j\u00ee formeke p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a diyalekt\u00eeka Hegel\u00ee ye. Prens\u00eeba Tewh\u00eed\u00ea, ku Muhemmed ji bo ravekirina yekb\u00fbna Xwed\u00ea gelek hewl da, p\u00ea\u015fn\u00fbmeyek ji Fenomenolojiya Ruh e. Ev encama her\u00ee berbi\u00e7av \u00fb gir\u00eeng e ku li ser v\u00ea mijar\u00ea hatiye bidestxistin. Hem\u00fb Misilman h\u00een j\u00ee baweriya xwe bi prens\u00eeba Tewh\u00eed\u00ea t\u00eenin \u00fb ew prat\u00eek dikin. Fenomenolojiya Ruh ji bo Almanan j\u00ee meseleyeke baweriy\u00ea ye. Dema ku ev t\u00eane cem hev, diyar dibe ku prens\u00eeba derbasdar hem ol\u00ee \u00fb hem j\u00ee felsef\u00ee ye, hem d\u00eerok\u00ee ye \u00fb hem j\u00ee hemdem e \u00fb heta kevne\u015fop\u00ee ye. 90 \u00fb neh taybetmend\u00ee di derbar\u00ea t\u00eageha Xwed\u00ea de hatine r\u00eazkirin. 90 \u00fb neh taybetmendiy\u00ean ku ji t\u00eageha Xwed\u00ea re hatine veqetandin, kataloga berfireh a Fenomenolojiya Ruh a Hegel in. Di v\u00ea watey\u00ea de, P\u00eaxember Muhemmed protof\u00eelozof e. Ew dikare wek\u00ee protof\u00eelozofek were f\u00eamkirin ne wek\u00ee p\u00eaxemberek\u00ee ol\u00ee. El\u00ee \u015eer\u00eeet\u00ee dixwest hin \u015f\u00eerovey\u00ean wekhev p\u00ea\u015f bixe. P\u00ea\u015fxistina w\u00ee ya sosyolojiy\u00ea li ser v\u00ea mijar\u00ea rast e. Li \u00ceran\u00ea j\u00ee komb\u00fbn \u00fb veb\u00fbn\u00ean felsef\u00ee y\u00ean wekhev hene. Mela Sedra j\u00ee di v\u00ea de cih digire. Hem Mela Sedra \u00fb hem j\u00ee El\u00ee \u015eer\u00eeet\u00ee, P\u00eaxember Muhammed… Ew dixwazin Muhammed bi bingehkirina w\u00ea li ser sedemek felsef\u00ee ya wisa rave bikin. Ev ne xelet e, rast e. Bi rast\u00ee, rastiya ku ev mela h\u00eazek r\u00eaveberiya n\u00fbjen in li \u00ceran\u00ea, ji ber ku wan \u00ceslam\u00ea xistine bin \u015f\u00eerovekirinek wusa t\u00ea. Komara \u00ceslam\u00ee ya \u00ceran\u00ea \u00eefadeyek berbi\u00e7av a v\u00ea yek\u00ea ye. Ev wate dikarin b\u00eatir werin berfireh kirin. Prens\u00eeba Tewh\u00eed\u00ea (Yekb\u00fbna Xwed\u00ea) \u015fertek baweriy\u00ea ye. Ew dib\u00eaje, “Xwedayek din tune.” Her ti\u015ft bi “Bismillah” dest p\u00ea dike, bi nav\u00ea Xwed\u00ea. Ev \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean jiyan\u00ea ne. Werin em li t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftin \u00fb p\u00eanaseya Xwed\u00ea ya P\u00eaxember Muhammed bin\u00earin. “Xwed\u00ea afir\u00eener\u00ea her ti\u015ft\u00ee ye. Ew li her der\u00ea heye. Ew ji damara we ya st\u00fby\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00eektir\u00ea we ye. Xwed\u00ea nay\u00ea d\u00eetin…” Dema ku t\u00eageha enerjiy\u00ea di destp\u00eaka van hem\u00ee hevokan de t\u00ea dan\u00een, wateya hem\u00ee hevokan bi enerjiy\u00ea re li hev dike.<\/p>\n

Muhemmed, wek\u00ee mijar \u00fb afir\u00eener\u00ea mutleq \u00ea \u00ceslam\u00ea, xuya ye ku t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina xwe ya enerjiy\u00ea li ser w\u00eaneya Xwed\u00ea ava kiriye. Hevgirtina di navbera p\u00eanaseya h\u00eaza afir\u00eener a Muhemmed \u00fb p\u00eanaseya enerjiy\u00ea ya f\u00eez\u00eeka kuantum\u00ea de pir balk\u00ea\u015f \u00fb berbi\u00e7av e. Ev t\u00ea v\u00ea watey\u00ea ku Xwed\u00ea dendika enerjiy\u00ea ye. Ti\u015ftek tune ku enerj\u00ee bi tund\u00ee nekeve nav w\u00ea. Gava ku enerj\u00ee xilas dibe, her ti\u015ft diqede. K\u00eamkirina enerjiy\u00ea j\u00ee ne mimkun e. Enerj\u00ee xwed\u00ee karakterek ned\u00eet\u00ee ye, p\u00eanaseyek pir n\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ee Xweday\u00ea Muhemmed. Ew ned\u00eet\u00ee ye, l\u00ea d\u00eesa j\u00ee her ti\u015ft\u00ee bir\u00eave dibe. Di Muhemmed de, ev t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftin xuya dike ku bi r\u00eaya intu\u00eesyon\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00eekb\u00fbna rastiy\u00ea diyar dibe. Anal\u00eezek sosyoloj\u00eek dikare bi h\u00easan\u00ee v\u00ea paralel\u00ea saz bike. Pi\u00e7ek baldariyek \u00fb perspekt\u00eefek diyalekt\u00eek\u00ee ya t\u00eakil\u00ee bes e ku meriv v\u00ea yek\u00ea bib\u00eene. Her weha balk\u00ea\u015f e ku ev heta niha nehatiye d\u00eetin, \u00fb ev ji celebek din a dogmat\u00eezm\u00ea derdikeve hol\u00ea. N\u00eaz\u00eekatiya ku “dema ku dor t\u00ea ser ol, h\u00fbn \u00ea ji bil\u00ee dogmay\u00ea ti\u015ftek neb\u00eenin” ne zanist\u00ee ye, l\u00ea bel\u00ea dogmat\u00eezma hi\u015fk e. P\u00eanasekirina Xwed\u00ea wek\u00ee enerjiy\u00ea n\u00fbjeniyek gir\u00eeng e. Mirovek hizirker d\u00ea bib\u00eene ku ti\u015ft\u00ea ku P\u00eaxember Muhemmed mebesta w\u00ee giyan\u00ea gerd\u00fbn\u00ee, enerjiya gerd\u00fbn\u00ee b\u00fb. H\u00eajay\u00ee l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea ye ka Mihemed \u00e7iqas k\u00fbr ev k\u00fbrahiya felsef\u00ee f\u00eam kiriye, \u00e7iqas ji t\u00eageha enerjiya gerd\u00fbn\u00ee haydar b\u00fbye, gelo ew bi awayek\u00ee felsef\u00ee an sosyoloj\u00eek difikir\u00ee, \u00fb gelo w\u00ee li ser v\u00ea bingeh\u00ea p\u00fbt hilwe\u015fandiye.<\/p>\n

Suhrewerd\u00ee Mihemed wek\u00ee “p\u00eaxember\u00ea ronahiy\u00ea” bi nav dike. Mela Sedra v\u00ea yek\u00ea b\u00eatir p\u00ea\u015f dixe. Ev raman li \u00ceran\u00ea xurt e. Xeta Gazal\u00ee bi rast\u00ee j\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea asteng dike. Ku\u015ftina Suhrewerd\u00ee j\u00ee yek ji encam\u00ean ney\u00een\u00ee y\u00ean ramana Gazal\u00ee ye. Suhrewerd\u00ee ji h\u00eala Selahed\u00een ve, ku Kurd b\u00fb, hate ku\u015ftin. Suhrewerd\u00ee bi rast\u00ee kevne\u015fopiya Zerde\u015ft\u00ee p\u00ea\u015f xist. W\u00ee h\u00eenkirin\u00ean Zerde\u015ft\u00ee veguherand felsefey\u00ea. Ti\u015ft\u00ea ku w\u00ee kir parastinek felsef\u00ee ya h\u00eenkirin\u00ean Zerde\u015ft\u00ee b\u00fb. Ew S\u00fbfiyek serket\u00ee \u00fb pir bi bandor b\u00fb. L\u00eabel\u00ea, melay\u00ean hi\u015fk \u00fb muhafezekar \u00ean bi meyl\u00ean Gazal\u00ee w\u00ee \u015fermezar kirin \u00fb ew ku\u015ftin. Ev esl\u00ea w\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

Dema ku ramana hi\u015fk \u00fb muhafezekar bi dem\u00ea re p\u00ea\u015f dikeve, ew vediguhere dogmaya ol\u00ee. Ev j\u00ee dikare wek\u00ee r\u00eabazek ramana hestyar\u00ee were binavkirin. Kurd j\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee bi tevah\u00ee hestyar\u00ee difikirin, ku em dikarin wek\u00ee ramana qonaxa nav\u00een j\u00ee bi nav bikin. Di nav Kurdan de ji dogmaya ol\u00ee w\u00eadetir felsefeyek tune. Her ti\u015ft\u00ea ku heb\u00fb di \u015fexs\u00ea Suhrewerd\u00ee de hat ku\u015ftin. Ev ew away\u00ea raman\u00ea ye ku \u00eero li dij\u00ee w\u00ea t\u00ea \u015ferkirin. Mirov modelek pi\u00e7\u00fbk a gerd\u00fbn\u00ea ye. 13.8 milyar sal d\u00eerok di mirov de hatine kurtkirin. Hem\u00fb daney\u00ean zanist\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan didin. Di v\u00ee war\u00ee de, mirov gerd\u00fbnek e, heta wek\u00ee nav\u00een-gerd\u00fbn\u00ea j\u00ee t\u00ea binavkirin. Bi rast\u00ee, her ti\u015ft hem di gerd\u00fbna kuantum\u00ea de \u00fb hem j\u00ee di aliy\u00ean din \u00ean xwezay\u00ea de di mirov de hatiye kurtkirin. P\u00eaxember Muhammed j\u00ee esl\u00ea mirov nas kir \u00fb mirov wek\u00ee “afir\u00eedey\u00ea her\u00ee esil” bi nav kir. W\u00ee f\u00eam kir ku mirov di navbera heb\u00fbn\u00ean afirand\u00ee de ferqek heye, ku ev rast e. Darw\u00een\u00eest dib\u00eajin “her heb\u00fbnek”. L\u00ea mirov ne her heb\u00fbnek e, ew heb\u00fbnek c\u00fbda ye. Ev nirxandina felsef\u00ee ya P\u00eaxember Muhammed dibe ku ji anal\u00eeza Darwin bilindtir be. Mirov ten\u00ea heb\u00fbn e ku \u015f\u00eawaz \u00fb c\u00eehana xwe ya raman\u00ea e\u015fkere kiriye. H\u00een j\u00ee heb\u00fbnek tune ku ji v\u00ea derbas b\u00fbye. L\u00eabel\u00ea, Fenomenolojiya Ruh\u00ea li Almanya ev yek n\u00eaz\u00eektir\u00ee zanist\u00ea kiriye. Helwesta bingeh\u00een a Hegel ew e ku w\u00ea valahiya mezin a di navbera zanist \u00fb ol\u00ea de tij\u00ee bike. Ev \u015f\u00eeroveya me bi xwe ye. Helwesta d\u00eerok\u00ee ya Hegel ji ber pira w\u00ee ya mezin a di navbera ol \u00fb zanist\u00ea de bi gi\u015ft\u00ee, nemaze Xiristiyaniy\u00ea de t\u00ea. Ev karek\u00ee pir dijwar e, \u00fb Hegel f\u00eelozof\u00ea ku her\u00ee ba\u015f ev kar p\u00eak aniye ye. Bi rast\u00ee, rastiya ku Hegel wek\u00ee “p\u00eaxember\u00ea serdema n\u00fbjen” t\u00ea binavkirin ji v\u00ea yek\u00ea derdikeve. Ew p\u00eaxember\u00ea serdema n\u00fbjen \u00fb modern\u00eetey\u00ea ye. Ew hem f\u00eelozof \u00fb hem j\u00ee p\u00eaxember e. Ger em t\u00eageha Ruh werger\u00eenin Ereb\u00ee an \u00ceslam\u00ea, ew t\u00ea wateya Xwed\u00ea. Ev esl\u00ea w\u00ea y\u00ea rast e. Fenomenolojiya ruh wateya giyan-enerj\u00ee-ye ku b\u00fbye xweza, ku xuya b\u00fbye. Bi gotineke din, ew wateya xwezay\u00ea ye. P\u00eaxember Muhammed j\u00ee heman ti\u015ft\u00ee bi nod \u00fb neh taybetmendiy\u00ean Xwed\u00ea dib\u00eaje. Li vir heb\u00fbnek heye. \u00cero em her ti\u015ft\u00ee bi enerjiy\u00ea rave dikin. P\u00eaxember Muhammed w\u00ea bi Xwed\u00ea rave dike. Xwed\u00ea j\u00ee enerj\u00ee ye. Bi navkirina Xwed\u00ea wek\u00ee enerj\u00ee ji h\u00eala P\u00eaxember Muhammed ve bi tevah\u00ee rast e. Gotina “Xwed\u00ea ji damara me ya st\u00fby\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00eektir\u00ea me ye” ten\u00ea dikare bi t\u00eageha enerjiy\u00ea were ravekirin. Dibe ku em nizanibin ka w\u00ee ev \u00e7awa f\u00eam kiriye, l\u00ea ravekirina w\u00ea bi enerjiy\u00ea rast e. Her kes dipirse, “Xwed\u00ea heye yan na?” Xwed\u00ea bi wateya enerjiy\u00ea heye \u00fb nay\u00ea mad\u00eekirin. T\u00ea gotin, “Xwed\u00ea di\u015fibihe ti\u015ftek\u00ee.” Ev j\u00ee ravekirinek pir rast e. Enerj\u00ee diyardeyek e ku her ti\u015ft p\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. B\u00eay\u00ee enerjiy\u00ea, made tune. Hem di Platon \u00fb hem j\u00ee di P\u00eaxember Muhammed de, made xwezayek duyem\u00een a b\u00eawate ye. Di Platon de, raman bingeh\u00een in. Ar\u00eestoteles bi gotina “form” Platon temam kir. Felsefeya Ar\u00eestoteles li ser form \u00fb mijar\u00ea ye. Ew xwediy\u00ea prens\u00eebek rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ee ye j\u00ee. Ew dixwaze watey\u00ea bi w\u00ea \u00eefade bike. Di Ar\u00eestoteles de, ew bi t\u00eageha “entelecheia” re mij\u00fbl dibe, ango giyan\u00ea ku madey\u00ea dixe tevger\u00ea, ku ew enerj\u00ee ye. Ar\u00eestoteles enerjiya ku d\u00eenam\u00eezm\u00ea peyda dike nas kir. Ev be\u015fdariya Ar\u00eestoteles ji bo v\u00ea t\u00eageh\u00ea ye. Di Platon de, giyan bingeh\u00een e. Raman t\u00ea wateya giyan. Balk\u00ea\u015f e ku Muhammed ev yek civak\u00ee kir \u00fb veguherand sosyoloj\u00eeyek. W\u00ee ew ten\u00ea wek\u00ee felsefe nehi\u015ft; w\u00ee ew veguherand sosyoloj\u00eeyek.<\/p>\n

Ew s\u00eestemek ji qan\u00fbn\u00ean civak\u00ee damezrand ku di bin nav\u00ea “riat” de were jiy\u00een, \u00fb dib\u00eaje, “H\u00fbn \u00ea li gor\u00ee v\u00ea bij\u00een \u00fb bawer bikin.” Bawermend\u00ea rast\u00een ew e ku w\u00ea her\u00ee ba\u015f bic\u00eeh t\u00eene. Ev celeb civak\u00eeb\u00fbn heye. Di civak\u00ean Rojhilata Nav\u00een de, \u00e7i j\u00ea re “geist”, “Allah”, an “felsefe” were gotin, bingehek felsef\u00ee ya wisa heye. \u00ceslam hinek ji h\u00eaza xwe ji civak\u00eeb\u00fbna v\u00ea giyan\u00ea digire. V\u00ea yek\u00ea te\u015fw\u00eeqek mezin daye \u00ceslam\u00ea. Berdewamiya heb\u00fbna \u00ceslam\u00ea qism\u00ee bi v\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Bingehek felsef\u00ee ya wisa heye. Ol\u00ean din, ku bingeh\u00ean prens\u00eeb\u00ee y\u00ean wekhev tune ne, ji h\u00eala \u00ceslam\u00ea ve t\u00eane t\u00eakbirin. T\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna \u00ceslam\u00ea ne ji h\u00eala olek din ve ye; \u00ceslam ji h\u00eala zanist\u00ea ve t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbye. \u00ceslam li ser Xiristiyaniy\u00ea serdestiya mutleq heye. Ji Balkanan bigire heya Viyanay\u00ea, serdestiya \u00ceslam\u00ea ya berbi\u00e7av e\u015fkere ye. Ewropay\u00ea per\u00e7ey\u00ean zanist\u00ea ji her serdem\u00ea girtiye \u00fb zihniyetek zanist\u00ee afirandiye. P\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna zanist\u00ee di sedsala 17-an de \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye, di sedsala 18-an de teqiyaye, \u00fb bi \u015fore\u015fa p\u00ee\u015fesaziy\u00ea ya sedsala 19-an re, ew b\u00fbye hegemon\u00ea c\u00eehan\u00ea. \u00ceslam, bi taybet\u00ee ji h\u00eala Osmaniyan ve, vegeriya Anatoliy\u00ea. Her wiha ji N\u00eevgirava \u00ceber\u00ee hat pa\u015fve xistin \u00fb av\u00eatin Afr\u00eekay\u00ea. Heta niha j\u00ee, eger hem\u00fb c\u00eehana \u00ceslam\u00ee bibe yek, ew \u00ea negih\u00eeje h\u00eaza \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea. Ev t\u00ea v\u00ea watey\u00ea ku serdestiya hegemon\u00eek a zanist\u00ee baweriya \u00ceslam\u00ea ya li ser bingeha \u00eedealan hilwe\u015fandiye. Bawer\u00ee \u00ead\u00ee bes n\u00eene; zanist serdestiy\u00ea bi dest xistiye. Ger em mirovahiy\u00ea di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de p\u00eanase bikin, em dikarin v\u00ea bib\u00eajin: Mirov bi avahiya m\u00eajiy\u00ea xwe \u00fb organ\u00ean din \u00ean bingeh\u00een heb\u00fbnek pir r\u00eaxistin\u00ee ye. M\u00eaj\u00ee bi t\u00eakiliy\u00ean ku ji h\u00eala tr\u00eelyonan \u015faneyan \u00fb dir\u00eajkirin\u00ean wan ve hatine damezrandin, b\u00fbye heb\u00fbnek. Ew organek e ku mirovahiy\u00ea di her war\u00ee de bir\u00eave dibe. Ew nikare wek\u00ee made j\u00ee were binavkirin, ji ber ku m\u00eaj\u00ee, ku tij\u00ee raman\u00ea ye, \u015faneyan \u00fb dir\u00eajkirin\u00ean wan dihew\u00eene; ew bi hev ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ne \u00fb raman\u00ea hildiber\u00eenin. Em behsa heb\u00fbna raman\u00ea dikin, ku ji \u00e7avan nay\u00ea d\u00eetin \u00fb nay\u00ea vegotin j\u00ee.<\/p>\n

Em dikarin prat\u00eeka Kurd\u00ee, heta rastiya R\u00eabert\u00ee \u00fb heb\u00fbna r\u00eaxistin\u00ee, di bin v\u00ea t\u00eageh\u00ea de bi kurtas\u00ee bikin. \u00c7iqas h\u00fbn r\u00eaxistinkir\u00ee bin, h\u00fbn ewqas j\u00ee hene. Me ev yek d\u00eet dema ku me hewl da ku tevna Kurd\u00ee bi xwe p\u00eanase bikin; em heb\u00fbn heta w\u00ea radey\u00ea ku em r\u00eaxistinkir\u00ee b\u00fbn; em heta w\u00ea radey\u00ea ku r\u00eaxistina me belav dibe t\u00ean hilwe\u015fandin. E\u015fkere ye ku r\u00eaxistin heb\u00fbn\u00ea gengaz dike. Ji bo ku ti\u015ftek bi nav\u00ea Kurd hebe, div\u00ea ew were r\u00eaxistin kirin. Dema ku ew ji r\u00eaxistinb\u00fbn\u00ea d\u00fbr dikeve, tuneb\u00fbn, \u00e7ol derdikeve hol\u00ea. R\u00eaxistin di civaka Alman de gir\u00eengiyek mezin bi dest xistiye. L\u00eabel\u00ea, di rastiya Kurd\u00ee de, heb\u00fbn an neb\u00fbna r\u00eaxistinek\u00ea ne diyar e. Ev t\u00ea v\u00ea watey\u00ea ku ev perspekt\u00eefa r\u00eaxistin\u00ee, ji atom\u00ea bigire heta molekul \u00fb gir\u00eadan\u00ean di mejiy\u00ea mirovan de, p\u00eanaseyek mirovahiy\u00ea bi pileya bilind a rastiy\u00ea e\u015fkere dike. T\u00eakiliya di navbera v\u00ea away\u00ea raman\u00ea \u00fb p\u00eanaseya xwezaya civak\u00ee de \u00e7i ye? Sembol\u00eezm bi curey\u00ea mirovan ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. \u015e\u00eaweya m\u00eemet\u00eek a hi\u015fmendiy\u00ea ti t\u00eakiliyek bi sembol\u00eezm\u00ea re tune. Her ti\u015ft\u00ea ku di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya sembol\u00eezm\u00ea de t\u00ea kirin \u00e7and e. Ew bi kevirek\u00ee dixebite, \u00e7\u00ee\u00e7ek \u00e7\u00eadike \u00fb tevdigere. Li vir ramanek heye, \u00fb cudah\u00ee bi saya heb\u00fbna raman\u00ea p\u00ea\u015f dikeve. Mirov difikirin, dime\u015fin \u00fb xewnan dikin. Em dikarin ti\u015ft\u00ean ku mirov dikin ten\u00ea bi r\u00eaya \u00e7anda ramana sembol\u00eek bi nav bikin. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, ev \u00e7i t\u00eakiliya w\u00ea bi qan\u00fbnan re heye? Wek\u00ee ku nav j\u00ea diyar e, ramana sembol\u00eek ramanek e ku xeyal, s\u00eawirandin \u00fb plansaziy\u00ea dihew\u00eene. Li vir qan\u00fbn tune ne; ne mimk\u00fbn e ku meriv behsa heb\u00fbna qan\u00fbnan bike. Di f\u00eez\u00eek \u00fb k\u00eemyay\u00ea de, qan\u00fbn\u00ean b\u00eak\u00eamas\u00ee dikarin bic\u00eeh bibin. Heta di c\u00eehana f\u00eez\u00eek\u00ee de, di gerd\u00fbna supra-atom\u00ee de, qan\u00fbn hene, l\u00ea di gerd\u00fbna sub-atom\u00ee de, c\u00eehana kuantum\u00ea, nezelal\u00ee serdest e. Prens\u00eeba nezelaliy\u00ea guh nade qan\u00fbnan. Di c\u00eehana kuantum\u00ea de ti\u015ft hene ku li dij\u00ee qan\u00fbnan in. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea Einstein, Bohr, \u00fb Heisenberg li ser v\u00ea yek\u00ea n\u00eeqa\u015f kirin. Einstein li qan\u00fbnan digeriya. Y\u00ean din difikir\u00een ku dibe ku qan\u00fbnek wusa tune be. Heta dema ku cotek per\u00e7eyan li hev dikevin j\u00ee, ew hev\u00fbdu tune dikin. Ti\u015ft\u00ea ku j\u00ea re “dema her\u00ee kurt” t\u00ea gotin li vir ve\u015fart\u00ee ye. Per\u00e7e derdikevin hol\u00ea, winda dibin, \u00fb ev guher\u00eena nasnamey\u00ea di c\u00eehana kuantum\u00ea de bi berdewam\u00ee dubare dibe. Ev ti\u015ft li ser s\u00eenor\u00ea per\u00e7eya Xwed\u00ea diqewimin. Par\u00e7e bi berdewam\u00ee vediguherin enerjiy\u00ea, \u00fb enerj\u00ee j\u00ee vediguherin per\u00e7eyan. Ev c\u00fbrbec\u00fbr\u00eeya mezin a gerd\u00fbn\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan dide. Di t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina P\u00eaxember Muhammed a Xwed\u00ea de, gerd\u00fbn her k\u00ealiy\u00ea t\u00ea afirandin. Gotina “Xwed\u00ea li her der\u00ea heye,” v\u00ea yek\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan dide. Ev b\u00ea guman p\u00eanasey\u00ean bi f\u00eez\u00eeka kuantum\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ne. Ev celeb t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina Xwed\u00ea ten\u00ea dikare bi mekan\u00eeka kuantum\u00ea were ravekirin. \u00c7and afirandinek mirovan e; ew nerm e. Ev xwezaya seretay\u00ee \u00eenkar nake. Ew c\u00eehanek e ku qad\u00ean biyoloj\u00eek, f\u00eez\u00eek\u00ee, k\u00eemyew\u00ee \u00fb kuantum\u00ea dihew\u00eene. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, her ti\u015ft\u00ea di w\u00ea qad\u00ea de di mirovan de j\u00ee heye. \u015eirovey\u00ean genet\u00eek\u00ee di afirandina \u00e7andan de t\u00eane bikar an\u00een. Di\u015fibiya zarokan bi d\u00ea \u00fb bav\u00ean wan re bi genan t\u00ea ravekirin. Ev dikare wek\u00ee veguhestina r\u00eazik\u00ean genet\u00eek\u00ee were binavkirin. M\u00eenak\u00ee, \u015f\u00earek \u015f\u00earek \u00e7\u00eadike, rov\u00ee rov\u00ee \u00e7\u00eadike, \u00fb \u00e7eqel \u00e7eqelek \u00e7\u00eadike. Ev t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ft\u00ee ye \u00fb dikare bi genan were ravekirin. Ev di \u00e7and\u00ea de ne wisa ye. Zay\u00eena genet\u00eek\u00ee, zay\u00een bi r\u00eaya genan, di \u00e7and\u00ea de \u00e7\u00eanabe. Dema ku em dib\u00eajin “\u00e7anda Kurd\u00ee”, em behsa ti\u015ftek\u00ee b\u00eahempa dikin. Em dikarin van h\u00eaman\u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee, ku ji nif\u015fek\u00ee bo nif\u015fek\u00ee din t\u00eane veguhastin, wek\u00ee per\u00e7ey\u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee an j\u00ee atom\u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee bi nav bikin.<\/p>\n

4- MIROV HEB\u00dbNEK EKO-CIVAK\u00ce YE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Li gor\u00ee perspekt\u00eefa t\u00eakil\u00eey\u00ea, p\u00eanaseya mirov nikare ten\u00ea li ser t\u00eakiliya aliy\u00ean w\u00ee y\u00ean mad\u00ee \u00fb giyan\u00ee be. T\u00eakiliya aliy\u00ean mad\u00ee \u00fb giyan\u00ee y\u00ean mirov ten\u00ea yek ji t\u00eakiliy\u00ean ku taybetmendiya bingeh\u00een a rastiya mirovan p\u00eak t\u00eenin e. P\u00eanaseyek ku rastiya mirovan \u00e7\u00eatir fam dike \u00fb t\u00eageh\u00ea di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya w\u00ea ya rast de dat\u00eene, ten\u00ea bi gavek k\u00fbrtir \u00fb l\u00eakol\u00eena \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean ontoloj\u00eek dikare were bidestxistin.<\/p>\n

Dema ku p\u00eanaseya mirov di zanist\u00ean civak\u00ee y\u00ean n\u00fbjen de t\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00eenkirin, t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku mirov bi nav\u00ean wek\u00ee “heb\u00fbna ramanwer”, “heb\u00fbna am\u00fbr\u00e7\u00eaker”, “heb\u00fbna mirindar a ku dixwaze nemiriy\u00ea bike”, “heb\u00fbna \u00e7and\u00ee”, an “heywan\u00ea siyas\u00ee” t\u00ea p\u00eanasekirin. Bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee, hewl t\u00ea day\u00een ku cudahiya di navbera mirov \u00fb zindiy\u00ean din \u00ean di xwezay\u00ea de were ron\u00eekirin. L\u00eabel\u00ea, zehmet e ku meriv bi anal\u00eezek re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb bim\u00eene ku mirov wek\u00ee heb\u00fbnek ekoloj\u00eek p\u00eanase bike. Bi rast\u00ee, dikare were gotin ku di c\u00eehana raman\u00ea ya n\u00fbjen de, mirovb\u00fbn bi veqetandina ji xwezay\u00ea \u00fb ekolojiy\u00ea t\u00ea p\u00eanasekirin. Li gor\u00ee v\u00ea raman\u00ea, mirov \u00e7iqas ji xwezay\u00ea veqete, ew qas mirovtir dibe.<\/p>\n

Ew hi\u015fmendiya ku mirovb\u00fbn\u00ea wek\u00ee veqetandin ji xwezay\u00ea p\u00eanase dike, hi\u015fmendiyeke \u00e7ewt e ku ji mirovahiy\u00ea, civak\u00ea \u00fb xwezay\u00ea d\u00fbr ketiye. Aqil\u00ea modern di v\u00ee war\u00ee de bi bingeh\u00een xelet e. Ev aqil\u00ea ku koda Ronakb\u00eeriy\u00ea ye, ji diyalekt\u00eeka di navbera mirovahiy\u00ea \u00fb xwezay\u00ea de biyan\u00ee ye, berhema \u00e7andeke serdest e.<\/p>\n

Mirov pir caran wek\u00ee ‘heb\u00fbn\u00ean civak\u00ee’ t\u00eane p\u00eanasekirin. Ev p\u00eanase ne temam e ji ber ku ew civak\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea bi t\u00eakiliy\u00ean di navbera mirovan de s\u00eenordar dike. Ew civak\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea teng dike, heta sosyal\u00eezm\u00ea j\u00ee. Mirov ber\u00ee ku bibin heb\u00fbn\u00ean civak\u00ee, heb\u00fbn\u00ean ekoloj\u00eek in. \u00db ji ber ku ev taybetmendiyek ontoloj\u00eek e, ew ne ti\u015ftek e ku meriv bikaribe derbas bibe. Bi gotineke din, civak\u00eeb\u00fbna mirovan ji karakter\u00ea xwe y\u00ea ekoloj\u00eek serbixwe n\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Ew rastiyek pir e\u015fkere ye ku heb\u00fbna madd\u00ee ya mirovahiy\u00ea berhema p\u00ea\u015fkeftina xwezay\u00ee ye. Di nav de p\u00ea\u015fkeftina pergala demar\u00ee, m\u00eaj\u00ee \u00fb kapas\u00eeteya raman \u00fb \u00e7\u00eakirina watey\u00ea, mirovah\u00ee wek\u00ee heb\u00fbnek madd\u00ee encama p\u00ea\u015fkeftina xwezay\u00ee ye. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea mirov b\u00eay\u00ee xwezay\u00ea nikarin bij\u00een. Xweza b\u00ea guman dikare b\u00eay\u00ee mirovan bij\u00ee, l\u00ea mirov b\u00eay\u00ee xwezay\u00ea nikarin bij\u00een. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, mirov ne ten\u00ea berhema p\u00ea\u015fkeftina xwezay\u00ee ne, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de heb\u00fbn\u00ean ku jiyana wan bi xwezay\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee dim\u00eene j\u00ee ne. Ji bo mirovan cudab\u00fbn ji xwezay\u00ea tune ye. Ger heb\u00fbya, “mirovah\u00ee” d\u00ea tuneb\u00fbya. Bi kurtas\u00ee, mirov ber\u00ee her ti\u015ft\u00ee heb\u00fbn\u00ean ekoloj\u00eek in. H\u00eaza raman\u00ea \u00fb kapas\u00eeteya hilber\u00eena watey\u00ea, ku xwezaya civak\u00ee ya mirovan p\u00eak t\u00eene, bi saya w\u00ea rastiy\u00ea ku mirov heb\u00fbn\u00ean ekoloj\u00eek-mad\u00ee ne, p\u00ea\u015f ketine. Di v\u00ea nuqtey\u00ea de, em aliyek\u00ee pir kr\u00eet\u00eek \u00ea di derbar\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fkeftina raman\u00ea de destn\u00ee\u015fan bikin. Pergala rehikan \u00fb mejiy\u00ea mirovan ji bo civak\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea bi veqetandina ji xwezay\u00ea bi r\u00eaya raman\u00ea \u00fb, di encam\u00ea de, hilber\u00eena watey\u00ea p\u00ea\u015f neketin. Ajokera li pi\u015ft p\u00ea\u015fkeftina pergala rehikan \u00fb avahiya mej\u00ee gir\u00eeng e. Curey\u00ea mirovan pergala rehikan \u00fb mejiy\u00ea xwe p\u00ea\u015f nexistiye da ku ji xwezay\u00ea cuda bibe, l\u00ea ji bo ku di nav xwezay\u00ea de \u00fb bi xwezay\u00ea re bij\u00ee \u00fb hebe. P\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna raman\u00ea encama v\u00ea yek\u00ea ye. Rastiya zelal a ku ji h\u00eala van hem\u00ee daneyan ve t\u00ea destn\u00ee\u015fan kirin ev e ku mirov heb\u00fbn\u00ean eko-civak\u00ee ne. Ev t\u00eakil\u00ee bingeha rastiya mirovan peyda dike. Dema ku mirovan wek\u00ee heb\u00fbn\u00ean eko-civak\u00ee p\u00eanase dike, eko behsa xwezaya yekem dike, \u00fb t\u00eageha civak\u00ee xwezaya duyem vedib\u00eaje. Mirov, wek\u00ee heb\u00fbn\u00ean eko-civak\u00ee, pira di navbera xweza \u00fb civak\u00ea de ne. P\u00eayek wan di xwezaya yekem de ye, ya din j\u00ee di ya duyem de. Ji n\u00fb ve avakirina civakb\u00fbneke saxlem ten\u00ea bi r\u00eaya sererastkirina v\u00ea pir\u00ea mimkun e, ku ji rastiya civak\u00ee \u00fb ekoloj\u00eek veqetiyaye. \u015eert\u00ea her\u00ee bingeh\u00een \u00ea civak\u00eeb\u00fbna mirovan p\u00eaw\u00eestiya tevl\u00eekirina rastiya ekoloj\u00eek e. Bi gotineke din, ekoloj\u00eekb\u00fbn ne hilbijartinek e ji bo mirovan, l\u00ea p\u00eaw\u00eestiyek heb\u00fbn\u00ee ye. Xweza, bi r\u00eaya mirovan wek\u00ee heb\u00fbn\u00ean ekoloj\u00eek-civak\u00ee, r\u00ea li ber xwezaya duyem\u00een, bi kurtas\u00ee, ber bi civak\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea ve vedike.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Navenda L\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean Stratej\u00eek A Kudistan\u00ea<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u00ca\u015eGOTIN Civak away\u00ea heb\u00fbn \u00fb jiyana curey\u00ea mirovan e. Ew ne li ser bingeha m\u00eeqdarek diyarkir\u00ee ye, l\u00ea ji t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftinek hevpar, nirx\u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb h\u00eaza afir\u00eener p\u00eak t\u00ea ku p\u00eadiviy\u00ean jiyan\u00ea p\u00eak t\u00eene. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, ew hem exlaq\u00ee (sinc\u00ee) \u00fb hem j\u00ee siyas\u00ee ye. Civak\u00eeb\u00fbn li \u00c7iyay\u00ea Afr\u00eekay\u00ea dest p\u00ea kir \u00fb di […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16370,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard","jnews_video_option_group":[[]],"override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"archive-right","second_sidebar":"archive-right","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"float","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","show_comment_section":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_post_related":"1"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0","subtitle":"Heta ku kr\u00eeza s\u00eestem\u00eek ney\u00ea derbaskirin, \u00e7areseriy\u00ean pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ee \u00fb xwecih\u00ee nay\u00ean d\u00eetin. Bi v\u00ea hal\u00ea xwe y\u00ea hey\u00ee j\u00ee, xuya ye ku s\u00eestem \u015fiyana xwe ya derbaskirina kr\u00eez\u00ea bi tena ser\u00ea xwe xilas kiriye. Ya may\u00ee bi p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean demokrat\u00eek \u00ean n\u00fb ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye ku d\u00ea pergala modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ku kr\u00eezek ewqas giran dij\u00ee, derbas bikin. Ten\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean alternat\u00eef \u00ean weha dikarin mirovahiy\u00ea ji van xeterey\u00ean mezin rizgar bikin."},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[3961,637,4573,4605,3593,636],"class_list":["post-16369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ozgurluk-perspektifleri","tag-civak","tag-dirok","tag-hebun","tag-manisfestoya-demokratik","tag-reber-apo","tag-xweza"],"acf":[],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16369"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16369\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16371,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16369\/revisions\/16371"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}